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含斜坡擾動的輪式拖拉機(jī)路徑跟蹤控制方法
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2020年度教育部-中國移動科研基金項目(MCM2020—J-2)


Path Tracking Control Method for Wheeled Tractors with Slope Disturbance
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    摘要:

    針對部分地區(qū)橫向斜坡農(nóng)田地形導(dǎo)致路徑跟蹤控制算法精度下降的問題,提出了一種包含路面坡度擾動的動力學(xué)模型與跟蹤誤差模型結(jié)合的輪式拖拉機(jī)行駛動態(tài)過程的控制模型,,并基于此模型通過線性模型預(yù)測控制方法得到控制律,由于預(yù)測模型包含了坡度的影響,使得反饋校正能夠提前補(bǔ)償,,有效改善了農(nóng)機(jī)在坡地上的路徑跟蹤性能??紤]到農(nóng)機(jī)在不同行駛階段對于誤差和穩(wěn)定程度需求的不同,,提出了自適應(yīng)的模型預(yù)測方法,令Q,、R值隨動變化以應(yīng)對不同的需求(隨動變化指的是兩者相對大小的變化而非絕對數(shù)值),。進(jìn)行了預(yù)測區(qū)間與控制區(qū)間選擇的試驗,而后基于簡單運動學(xué)模型的模型預(yù)測控制進(jìn)行了有無自適應(yīng)Q,、R的對比試驗,,最后分別在固定斜坡角的橫向斜坡路面上和在斜坡角連續(xù)變化的橫向斜坡路面上進(jìn)行了本文方法與基于簡單運動學(xué)的模型預(yù)測控制方法對比試驗。試驗結(jié)果表明:自適應(yīng)能顯著提升控制效果,;本文方法在橫向斜坡路面上的路徑跟蹤表現(xiàn)明顯優(yōu)于基于簡單運動學(xué)模型的方法,,此外穩(wěn)態(tài)時的穩(wěn)定程度也有較大的提升。

    Abstract:

    A model for the dynamic process of wheeled tractor driving, which combined a dynamic model containing road slope disturbance and a tracking error model, to address the issue of reduced accuracy of path tracking control algorithms caused by lateral sloping farmland terrain in some regions was proposed. Based on this model, a linear model predictive control method was used to obtain the control law. As the predictive model included the influence of slope, which enabled feedback correction to be compensated in advance, effectively improving the path tracking performance of agricultural machinery on sloping land. Considering the different requirements for error and stability of agricultural machinery in different driving stages, an adaptive model prediction method was proposed, which allowed the Q and R values to vary dynamically to meet different needs. Here, the variation referred to the relative size of the two, rather than the absolute value. Experiments were conducted on the selection of prediction intervals and control intervals. Then, a comparative experiment was conducted on the model predictive control based on a simple kinematic model with or without adaptive for Q and R. Finally, comparative experiments were conducted with the proposed method and the model predictive control method based on simple kinematics on a fixed slope angle transverse slope road surface and a continuously changing slope angle transverse slope road surface, respectively. Experiments showed that adaptive control can significantly improve control effectiveness, the path tracking performance of the method proposed was significantly better than that based on simple kinematic models on lateral sloping roads, and the stability level was also significantly improved in steady-state.

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徐立鴻,陳戎泉,袁洪良.含斜坡擾動的輪式拖拉機(jī)路徑跟蹤控制方法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2023,54(11):421-430. XU Lihong, CHEN Rongquan, YUAN Hongliang. Path Tracking Control Method for Wheeled Tractors with Slope Disturbance[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(11):421-430.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-03-25
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-11-10
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