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蔬菜氣吸式排種器四級清種機構設計與試驗
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北京市科技計劃項目(Z221100006422007)


Design and Test of Four-stage Seed Cleaning Mechanism for Air-suction Vegetables Seed-metering Device
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    摘要:

    為解決蔬菜氣吸式排種器吸種時出現(xiàn)一孔多?,F(xiàn)象導致播種質(zhì)量下降的問題,提出4級鋸齒清種作業(yè)的方法,并設計了四級清種機構,。闡述排種器出現(xiàn)重吸現(xiàn)象的原因,,對清種過程中種子的受力建立數(shù)學模型,從而確定清種機構安裝位置,、齒形角度等關鍵參數(shù),。選取清種齒頂與型孔距離、排種器工作轉(zhuǎn)速和氣室負壓為主要因素進行二次回歸正交旋轉(zhuǎn)組合試驗并對試驗結(jié)果進行顯著性和回歸分析,,獲得最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合為第4級清種齒頂與型孔距離0.41mm、負壓1.22kPa,、排種器工作轉(zhuǎn)速5.85r/min,,并對最優(yōu)工作參數(shù)進行驗證試驗和對比試驗。驗證試驗表明,,在工作轉(zhuǎn)速為4.5~9.5r/min時,,漏清率不大于1.50%,過清率不大于1.88%,,與回歸方程計算值基本一致,。對比試驗表明,在轉(zhuǎn)速分別為4.5,、7.0,、9.5r/min時,采用四級清種機構漏清率分別降低3.2,、4.0,、5.0個百分點,過清率分別降低0.19,、0.83,、1.45個百分點,排種合格率分別提升3.42,、4.83,、6.45個百分點。采用四級清種機構有效降低了清種環(huán)節(jié)的漏清率,,提升了排種器的工作質(zhì)量,。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problem in vegetables seed-metering device that the seeding quality decreased due to multiple grains in one hole during seed suction, a four-stage sawtooth for seed cleaning was proposed and a four-stage seed cleaning mechanism was designed. The reasons for the phenomenon of resuction were expounded, and a mathematical model was established to determine the key parameters such as the installation position and tooth profile angle of the seed clearing mechanism. The distance between the top of the tooth and the mold hole, the working speed of the seed dispenser and the negative pressure of the chamber were selected as the main factors to carry out the quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination test. The significance and regression analysis of the test results were carried out. The optimal parameter combination was obtained as the distance between the top of the tooth and the mold hole of the 4th seed dispenser was 0.41mm, the negative pressure was 1.22kPa and the working speed of the seed dispenser was 5.85r/min. The verification test and comparison test of the optimal working parameters were carried out. The verification test showed that when the working speed was 4.5~9.5r/min, the leakage rate was not more than 1.50%, and the overclearing rate was not more than 1.88%, which was basically consistent with the calculated value of the regression equation. The comparative test showed that when the rotation speed was 4.5r/min, 7.0r/min and 9.5r/min, the leakage rate of the four-stage seed clearing mechanism was reduced by 3.2 percentage points, 4.0 percentage points and 5.0 percentage points, the overclearing rate was reduced by 0.19 percentage points, 0.83 percentage points and 1.45 percentage points, and the qualified rate of seed discharge was increased by 3.42 percentage points, 4.83 percentage points and 6.45 percentage points, respectively. The four-stage seed cleaning mechanism can effectively reduce the leakage rate of seed cleaning link and improve the working quality of seed discharging device.

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言育謙,劉立晶,劉云強,吳海華,盧琦,劉芳建.蔬菜氣吸式排種器四級清種機構設計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2023,54(s1):57-65. YAN Yuqian, LIU Lijing, LIU Yunqiang, WU Haihua, LU Qi, LIU Fangjian. Design and Test of Four-stage Seed Cleaning Mechanism for Air-suction Vegetables Seed-metering Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(s1):57-65.

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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-12-10
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