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無紡布容器苗自動換缽移盆二次移栽機(jī)設(shè)計與試驗
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浙江省尖兵領(lǐng)雁計劃項目(2022C02042)


Design and Experiment of Automatic Bowl Changing and Pot Shifting Secondary Transplanting Machine for Non-woven Container Seedlings
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    摘要:

    針對無紡布容器苗在換缽移盆過程中存在的基質(zhì)填充不完善導(dǎo)致根系過淺裸露,移栽機(jī)自動化程度過低導(dǎo)致移栽效率過慢等現(xiàn)象,,設(shè)計了一種基于無紡布容器苗的全自動二次移栽機(jī),。對柔性機(jī)械爪的關(guān)鍵部件進(jìn)行參數(shù)設(shè)計以及受力分析,結(jié)合RecurDyn剛?cè)狁詈戏抡鎸σ圃詸C(jī)械臂運(yùn)動狀態(tài)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計,,通過運(yùn)動學(xué)分析進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,。綜合考慮影響移栽成功率的關(guān)鍵因素,確定以二次填土作用力率,、苗體基質(zhì)含水率,、夾取針間距為試驗因素,,以60穴香榧幼苗為試驗對象,通過正交試驗確定最佳工作參數(shù),。試驗結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)二次填土機(jī)構(gòu)作用力率為83.51%,、夾取針間距為19.66mm、苗體基質(zhì)含水率為33.45%時,,移栽成功率為95.29%,,與驗證性試驗的95.33%基本一致,滿足高速,、高效移栽要求,,為林木無紡布容器苗二次移栽領(lǐng)域提供參考。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the phenomena of imperfect filling of substrate leading to shallow and exposed root system during potting and transplanting of non-woven containers, and slow transplanting efficiency due to low automation degree of transplanting machine, a fully automated secondary transplanting device based on non-woven containers was designed in combination with the growth characteristics of young forest seedlings. The mechanical claw installed on the transplanting arm realized XYZ three-dimensional space transplanting operation without dead angle, and the transplanting efficiency was improved by alternately picking up seedlings through the two-way assembly line platform. Through the design and force analysis of the key components of flexible gripper, the influence of deformation coefficients of seedling substrate under different gripper pin spacings was explored, and the motion state of transplanting arm was optimized through kinematic analysis by combining the RecurDyn rigid-flexible coupling simulation. Considering the key factors affecting the success rate of transplanting, the secondary filling force rate, moisture content of seedling substrate and clamping pin spacing were determined as the test factors. Taking 60pin capillary seedlings as the test object, the relevant parameters were derived from a one-factor test, and a multifactor orthogonal test was conducted to determine the optimal operating parameters of the automatic secondary transplanting device for non-woven container seedlings. The test results showed that when the force rate of the secondary filling mechanism was 83.51%, the needle spacing was 19.66mm, and the water content of the seedling substrate was 33.45%, the transplanting success rate was 95.29%, which was basically the same as the results of validation test (95.33%), and the requirements of high-speed and high-efficiency transplanting were met, which provided a reference for the field of secondary transplanting of non-woven containerized seedling in forest trees.

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王寒松,楊自棟,韓黨威,姚自立,陳佳峰.無紡布容器苗自動換缽移盆二次移栽機(jī)設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2023,54(s1):84-92. WANG Hansong, YANG Zidong, HAN Dangwei, YAO Zili, CHEN Jiafeng. Design and Experiment of Automatic Bowl Changing and Pot Shifting Secondary Transplanting Machine for Non-woven Container Seedlings[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(s1):84-92.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-05-20
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-12-10
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