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山地作物移栽機(jī)井窖式單線螺旋成穴裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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山東省煙草產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系機(jī)械與智能化崗位項(xiàng)目(SDAIT-25-04),、山東省農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新工程項(xiàng)目(CXGC2023B04),、山東煙區(qū)煙草農(nóng)機(jī)農(nóng)藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系研究與推廣項(xiàng)目(2022370700240356)和山東省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2022CXGC010611)


Design and Experiment of Hole-forming Drill Bit for Cellar Type Transplanter
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    摘要:

    當(dāng)前井窖移栽機(jī)成穴裝置挖掘井窖穩(wěn)定性差、易坍塌,、土壤回流嚴(yán)重,、直立度差,無(wú)法滿足深井窖移栽成穴農(nóng)藝要求,。為此設(shè)計(jì)一種井窖移栽機(jī)單線螺旋成穴裝置,。對(duì)單線螺旋成穴裝置的錐形鉆尖、螺旋葉片,、中心鉆桿等關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),,并采用動(dòng)力學(xué)方法對(duì)其作業(yè)過(guò)程的入土階段、切土階段和排土階段的成穴機(jī)理進(jìn)行分析,,確定了單線螺旋成穴裝置的直徑,、螺距和轉(zhuǎn)速為影響其作業(yè)質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵參數(shù),。應(yīng)用離散元仿真軟件EDEM對(duì)成穴裝置作業(yè)過(guò)程進(jìn)行仿真分析,以井窖深度,、井窖直徑,、井窖直立度和土壤回流程度為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),以直徑,、螺距,、轉(zhuǎn)速為試驗(yàn)因素,進(jìn)行單因素試驗(yàn)確定關(guān)鍵參數(shù)的取值范圍,。根據(jù)取值范圍,,利用二次正交旋轉(zhuǎn)中心組合試驗(yàn)方法建立單線螺旋成穴裝置響應(yīng)指標(biāo)與試驗(yàn)因素的回歸方程,并通過(guò)響應(yīng)曲面得到其影響趨勢(shì)和交互關(guān)系,,結(jié)果表明各因素對(duì)井窖深度影響的主次順序?yàn)槁菥?、轉(zhuǎn)速、直徑,,對(duì)井窖直徑影響的主次順序?yàn)橹睆?、螺距,、轉(zhuǎn)速,。以回歸方程為基礎(chǔ),采用多目標(biāo)函數(shù)優(yōu)化獲取單線螺旋成穴裝置的優(yōu)化參數(shù)組合,。根據(jù)優(yōu)化后的參數(shù)組合研制單線螺旋成穴裝置及田間作業(yè)平臺(tái)并進(jìn)行田間試驗(yàn),,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:成穴裝置直徑為100mm、螺距為75mm,、轉(zhuǎn)速為350r/min時(shí)作業(yè)效果最佳,,此時(shí)井窖深度為182mm、井窖直徑為80.7mm,,優(yōu)化后的單線螺旋成穴裝置滿足井窖移栽成穴的農(nóng)藝要求,。

    Abstract:

    At present, the hole formed by the pit-type transplanter has poor stability, which is easy to collapse, and the soil backflow is serious. Aiming at the transplanting characteristics of the water flushing well cellar type multifunctional transplanting machine and the agronomic requirements of well cellar transplanting technology, in order to improve the quality of the hole and reduce the rate of seedling leakage, a hole-forming drill was designed, and its main structure and work were expounded. Mechanism and perform performance tests were carried out. The burrowing process was divided into three stages. Through the research methods of dynamics and kinematics, the force of soil particles in each stage was analyzed, the key structural parameters and operation parameters were determined, and the relationship between the key operation parameters and the burrowing quality was clearly analyzed, and the burrowing was improved. Taking the number of soil particles in the grid bin group as the response index, a discrete element simulation experiment was carried out, and the value range of each factor was determined by statistical analysis of the least significant difference;a quadratic orthogonal rotation combination experiment was arranged, and the Design-Expert software was used to analyze the test data, and the order of the influence of each factor on the index value was obtained. The results showed that the drill bit diameter was 100mm, the pitch was 75mm, and the rotational speed was 350r/min. The device had the best performance. The depth of the hole and the diameter of the hole were 182mm and 80.7mm, respectively. The optimization factors were tested and verified, and the test and optimization results were basically consistent, meeting the agronomic requirements of well cellar transplanting.

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史玉鵬,薛博,臧傳江,焦偉,侯加林,李慧.山地作物移栽機(jī)井窖式單線螺旋成穴裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(s1):103-114. SHI Yupeng, XUE Bo, ZANG Chuanjiang, JIAO Wei, HOU Jialin, LI Hui. Design and Experiment of Hole-forming Drill Bit for Cellar Type Transplanter[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(s1):103-114.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-05-20
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-12-10
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