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免耕播種機(jī)無軸螺旋排肥輸肥裝置設(shè)計與試驗
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(52265033,、51865022)


Design and Experiment of Shaftless Spirals Fertilizer Discharging and Fertilizer Delivery Device of No-tillage Planters
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    摘要:

    針對西南地區(qū)坡度較大,、免耕地表秸稈及根茬等造成耕地平整度較差,驅(qū)動式破茬防堵免耕播種機(jī)作業(yè)時機(jī)具整體產(chǎn)生振動較大,,導(dǎo)致排肥器排肥及導(dǎo)肥管導(dǎo)肥作業(yè)性能差的問題,,基于螺旋輸送原理,設(shè)計了一種柔性無軸螺旋排肥輸肥裝置,。通過對肥料的螺旋輸送以及物料臨界輸送速度分析,,得出螺旋葉片最佳充肥尺寸以及轉(zhuǎn)速范圍。采用EDEM仿真進(jìn)行二次回歸正交旋轉(zhuǎn)試驗和響應(yīng)曲面法分析無軸螺旋排肥輸肥裝置最佳工作參數(shù):螺旋葉片內(nèi)半徑3mm,、螺旋葉片外半徑12.8mm,、螺旋葉片轉(zhuǎn)速319r/min以及螺旋間距24.5mm,。田間測試結(jié)果表明,在地表平整度平均值以及地表坡度分別為8.9cm,、16.1°時,,無軸螺旋排肥輸肥裝置在作業(yè)速度1.5 m/s時,排肥精度誤差,、均勻性變異系數(shù)分別為1.87%,、2.52%,滿足國家施肥標(biāo)準(zhǔn),,播肥符合當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)藝要求,。所設(shè)計的無軸螺旋排肥輸肥裝置滿足免耕播種施肥要求,可為在地表平整度較差時排肥和振動較大條件下排肥器以及導(dǎo)肥管的設(shè)計與改進(jìn)提供參考,。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the operation of driven stubble breaking and blocking no-tillage planter in Southwest China, due to poor flatness caused by the large slope, no-tillage surface straw and stubble, stubble breaking and blocking operation of the machine produced vibration as a whole, which resulted in poor performance of the fertilizer discharger and fertilizer guide tube, based on the principle of spiral conveying, a shaftless spiral fertilizer discharging and fertilizer conveying device was designed. Through the calculation of shaftless spiral conveying volume per unit time, the factors affecting the device discharge volume were analyzed. According to agronomic requirements, the amount of fertilizer required per unit time was calculated. And through the critical conveying speed and flow characteristics of material, the working parameters of shaftless spiral fertilizer conveying and fertilizer transfer device range were determined. Then the optimal size of the spiral blade fertilizer filling as well as the range of rotational speeds was obtained. The quadratic regression orthogonal rotation test was carried out by using EDEM simulation, and the response surface method was used to analyze the working parameters of the shaftless spiral fertilizer discharge and transfer device. Then the optimal parameters were obtained as follows: the shaftless radius was 3mm, the radius of the spiral outer axis was 12.8mm, the rotational speed of the blade was 319r/min, and the rotational pitch of the spiral was 24.5mm. Based on data above, the device was manufactured and its field performance was tested. The results showed that when the average value of the surface flatness was 8.9cm and the slope of the surface was 16.1°, the fertilizer discharge performance of the shaftless spiral fertilizer transfer device was better than that of the external grooved wheel fertilizer discharger, and the error of fertilizer application accuracy and the coefficient of variation of uniformity were 1.87% and 2.52%, respectively, under the operating speed of 1.5m/s. At 0.5m/s and 1m/s operation speed, the fertilizer application precision error and uniformity coefficient of variation all met the national fertilizer application standard. The designed shaftless spiral fertilizer discharging and conveying device met the requirements of no-tillage sowing and fertilizer application, and it can provide reference for the design and improvement of fertilizer discharging device and fertilizer conduit under the conditions of poor surface flatness and long-distance fertilizer conveying.

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朱惠斌,吳憲,白麗珍,王明鵬,雷豐朗,方圓.免耕播種機(jī)無軸螺旋排肥輸肥裝置設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2023,54(s1):125-134. ZHU Huibin, WU Xian, BAI Lizhen, WANG Mingpeng, LEI Fenglang, FANG Yuan. Design and Experiment of Shaftless Spirals Fertilizer Discharging and Fertilizer Delivery Device of No-tillage Planters[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(s1):125-134.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-12-10
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