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林果機械振動采摘理論與裝備研究進展
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中國機械工業(yè)集團有限公司青年科技基金項目(QNJJ-PY-2022-24)


Review on Theory and Equipment of Mechanical Vibration Picking of Forest Fruits
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    摘要:

    中國是林果起源地之一,,采摘是林果產業(yè)生產中的重要環(huán)節(jié)。機械化采摘是實現(xiàn)代替人工作業(yè)進行林果快速收獲的重要手段之一,,是現(xiàn)代化農業(yè)發(fā)展驅動下的必然走向,。機械振動采摘是目前應用最為廣泛的技術,林果采摘機械的工作性能主要由振動效果決定,。因此,,本文通過對國內外各類林果機械振動采摘裝備的研究分析,歸納出影響振動采摘的因素,、果樹三維重構與等效模型,、果實振動脫落特性以及振動能量傳遞與耗散等4大關鍵機械振動采摘理論,,并闡明了各理論目前存在的不足。在此基礎上闡述了國內外林果機械化采摘裝備的研究現(xiàn)狀和進展,,分析了林果機械式采摘機的適用范圍,、工作原理及分類,總結了典型振動式及接觸式采摘機的機型和技術參數(shù),,指出了各機型應用作業(yè)產生的實際問題,。結合林果產業(yè)應用場景和發(fā)展要求,分析了中國林果機械化采摘面臨的主要問題,,認為缺乏系統(tǒng)性理論研究,、關鍵技術研究進展緩慢是制約林果機械化發(fā)展的關鍵,提出了未來林果機械化采摘的技術重點是高效,、精準,、低損收獲,最終為實現(xiàn)林果自動化,、智能化采摘的建議,。

    Abstract:

    China is one of the origins of forest fruits, and picking is an important part of forest fruit industry production. Mechanized picking is one of the important means to achieve rapid harvesting of forest fruits instead of manual work, which is an inevitable direction driven by the development of modern agriculture. Mechanical vibration picking is currently the most widely used technology, and the working performance of forest fruit picking machinery is mainly determined by the vibration effect. Therefore, through the research and analysis of various types of forest fruit mechanical vibratory picking equipment at home and abroad, four key mechanical vibratory picking theories were summarized, such as factors affecting vibratory picking, three-dimensional reconstruction and equivalence model of fruit trees, fruit vibratory shedding characteristics as well as vibratory energy transfer and dissipation, and the current deficiencies of each theory were elucidated. On this basis, the research status and progress of mechanized picking equipment for forest fruits at home and abroad were described, the scope of application, working principle and classification of mechanical pickers for forest fruits were analyzed, the models and technical parameters of typical vibratory and contact pickers were summarized, and the practical problems arising from the application operation of each model were pointed out. Combined with the application scenarios and development requirements of the forest fruit industry, the main problems faced by China’s forest fruit mechanized picking were analyzed, and it was believed that the lack of systematic theoretical research and the slow progress of key technology research were the key constraints to the development of forest fruit mechanization, and it was put forward that the technical focus of the future forest fruit mechanized picking would be on high-efficiency, precise, and low-loss picking, and that ultimately, it would be necessary to achieve the automation of forest fruit and intelligent picking proposals.

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靳文停,趙金輝,莊騰飛,劉忠軍,楊學軍,劉立晶.林果機械振動采摘理論與裝備研究進展[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2023,54(s1):144-160. JIN Wenting, ZHAO Jinhui, ZHUANG Tengfei, LIU Zhongjun, YANG Xuejun, LIU Lijing. Review on Theory and Equipment of Mechanical Vibration Picking of Forest Fruits[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(s1):144-160.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-05-20
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-12-10
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