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基于人-車-土系統(tǒng)的撒肥機組能耗與一源多用潛力分析
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國網綜合能源服務集團有限公司項目(SGJNO000SCJS2310075)、國家自然科學基金項目(32201671)和中國農業(yè)大學2115人才工程項目


Energy Consumption Analysis and Potential for One Source for Multi-purpose Uses of Fertilizer Spreading Units Based on “Human-Vehicle-Soil” System
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    摘要:

    針對“人-車-土”作業(yè)系統(tǒng)下重型撒肥機組油耗因素機制不清和農機單次作業(yè)期短,、作業(yè)頻次低導致的農機“電源撂荒”問題,,分析“人-車-土”系統(tǒng)油耗結構方程模型互作機制并預測純電動拖拉機電源“一源多用”模式對“生活-生態(tài)”的增益潛力。首先,,開展重型拖拉機撒肥作業(yè)田間綜合試驗,,采集駕駛員疲勞度、拖拉機燃油油耗,、耕層土壤表征量等作業(yè)要素數據,,建立駕駛員-拖拉機-耕層土壤的油耗結構方程模型;然后,,基于結構方程因果關系探尋農機油耗因子間相關性,;最后,,基于油耗等值轉換理論計算燃油農機等效需電量與碳排放量,預測純電動拖拉機“一源多用”模式對生產生活電源互換共享與減排降碳的貢獻潛力,。結果表明:耕層土壤緊實度是拖拉機主要油耗影響因素,;駕駛員操作疲勞對油耗具有間接影響,可通過操縱拖拉機間接影響耕層物理性質和拖拉機碳排放,、作業(yè)效率,。電動拖拉機電源“一源多用”對農網末端小型用電設施供電具有一定潛力,在機械化田間管理期,,等效耗電量約為45kW·h/hm2,,減少碳排放12kg/hm2(CO2),中小規(guī)模農場可減少農機碳排放約2464t(CO2),,節(jié)約電9.24×106kW·h,,并且其電源閑置時提供約110t玉米烘干所需電力,或165臺通風設備全天同時通風所需電力,,或5500個路燈夜間照明的電能,,或11個值班室全年的用電需求。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problem of unclear mechanism of fuel consumption factors of heavyduty fertilizer spreader under ‘human-vehicle-soil’ operating system and the problem of ‘power supply abandonment’ caused by short single operation period and low frequency of operation cycle of agricultural machinery, the interaction mechanism of fuel consumption structural equation model of ‘human-vehicle-soil’ system was analyzed and the gain potential of ‘one source for multi-purpose’ mode of pure electric tractor power supply to ‘life-ecology’ was predicted. Firstly, a comprehensive field test of heavyduty tractor spreading fertilizer operation was carried out, and the data of operation factors such as driver fatigue, tractor fuel consumption and plough layer soil characterization were collected, and the fuel consumption structural equation model of human-vehicle-soil layer was established. Then based on the causal relationship of structural equation, the correlation between agricultural machinery fuel consumption factors was explored. Finally, based on the equivalent conversion theory of fuel consumption, the equivalent power demand and carbon emissions of fuel agricultural machinery were calculated, and the contribution potential of the ‘one source multi-purpose’ mode of pure electric tractors to the exchange and sharing of production and living power sources and emission reduction and carbon reduction was predicted. The results showed that the soil compaction was the main fuel consumption factor of tractor. The driver’s operating fatigue had an indirect effect on fuel consumption, which can indirectly affect the physical properties of the plough layer and the carbon emissions and operating efficiency of the tractor by manipulating the tractor. The electric tractor power supply ‘one source multi-purpose’ had certain potential for power supply to small power facilities at the end of the agricultural network. During the mechanized field management period, the equivalent power consumption was about 45kW·h/hm2, reducing carbon emissions by 12kg/hm2(CO2). Small and medium-sized farms can reduce the carbon emissions of agricultural machinery by about 2464 tons of CO2, saving 9.24×106kW·h electricity, and providing about 110 tons of electricity required for corn drying when the power supply was idle, or the power required for ventilation for 165 sets of ventilation equipment at the same time throughout the day, or 5500 street lights for night lighting, or the annual electricity demand for 11 duty rooms.

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沈春雷,胡春雨,葛雯,楊曉,陳月鋒,楊敏麗.基于人-車-土系統(tǒng)的撒肥機組能耗與一源多用潛力分析[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2023,54(s1):419-426. SHEN Chunlei, HU Chunyu, GE Wen, YANG Xiao, CHEN Yuefeng, YANG Minli. Energy Consumption Analysis and Potential for One Source for Multi-purpose Uses of Fertilizer Spreading Units Based on “Human-Vehicle-Soil” System[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(s1):419-426.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-05-20
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-12-10
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