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自走式青飼料收獲機(jī)仿形系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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山東省重大科技創(chuàng)新工程項(xiàng)目(2022CXGC020704)和山東省科技型中小企業(yè)創(chuàng)新能力提升工程項(xiàng)目(2021TSGC1422)


Header Profiling System of Self-propelled Green Fodder Harvester
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)復(fù)雜環(huán)境下自走式青飼料收獲機(jī)地形適應(yīng)性差和留茬高度難控制等問(wèn)題,,采用兩點(diǎn)探測(cè)-電液控制的方式,,設(shè)計(jì)了一套適用于自走式青飼料收獲機(jī)的割臺(tái)仿形系統(tǒng),并開(kāi)展仿形系統(tǒng)相關(guān)試驗(yàn),。在闡述系統(tǒng)整體架構(gòu)及工作原理的基礎(chǔ)上,,通過(guò)理論計(jì)算確定了仿形探測(cè)機(jī)構(gòu)、橫向仿形調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)等主要關(guān)鍵部件的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),。建立靜應(yīng)力分析模型,,得出割臺(tái)與喂入箱體連接處相關(guān)力學(xué)特征。利用ADAMS仿真軟件創(chuàng)建油缸負(fù)載特性模型,,完成仿形系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與相關(guān)優(yōu)化,,確定油缸的最佳作業(yè)參數(shù)范圍。為驗(yàn)證仿形系統(tǒng)的功能,,將系統(tǒng)搭載在4QZ-30型自走式青飼料收獲機(jī)上進(jìn)行試驗(yàn),,以試驗(yàn)過(guò)程中割刀前端距地面高度處于100~150mm內(nèi)的時(shí)間所占總試驗(yàn)時(shí)長(zhǎng)的比率為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo),安排道路模擬試驗(yàn)與仿形樣機(jī)測(cè)試,,并利用控制系統(tǒng)實(shí)時(shí)獲取割臺(tái)高度及響應(yīng)時(shí)間,,結(jié)果表明:仿形探測(cè)機(jī)構(gòu)探測(cè)高度信息可靠,線性擬合R2為0.9987,;仿形調(diào)節(jié)電液控制系統(tǒng)的響應(yīng)時(shí)間均值在0.16s內(nèi),;仿形系統(tǒng)能夠在行駛速度0~6km/h下,對(duì)坡度0°~6°內(nèi)的地面進(jìn)行仿形工作,,道路模擬試驗(yàn)過(guò)程中,,割刀前端距地面高度處于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)范圍內(nèi)的時(shí)間所占總試驗(yàn)時(shí)長(zhǎng)的比率β為90.76%,且3組仿形樣機(jī)測(cè)試合格率分別為86.67%,、86.67%,、93.33%,提高了自走式青飼料收獲機(jī)的地形適應(yīng)能力,,降低了留茬高度的控制難度,,可為自走式青飼料收獲機(jī)的仿形技術(shù)提供參考。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of poor terrain adaptability and difficult control of stubble height of self-propelled green fodder harvester in complex environment, a header profiling system suitable for self-propelled green fodder harvester was designed by using two-point detection-electro-hydraulic control, and the relevant experimental research of profiling system was carried out. On the basis of explaining the overall architecture and specific working principle of the system, the structural parameters of the main key components such as the profiling detection mechanism and the lateral profiling adjustment mechanism were determined through theoretical calculation. The static stress analysis model was established to obtain the relevant mechanical characteristics of the connection between the header and the feeding box. ADAMS simulation software was used to create a cylinder load characteristic model, complete the design and related optimization of the profiling system, and determine the optimal operating parameter range of the cylinder. In order to verify the function of the profiling system, the system was mounted on the 4QZ-30 self-propelled green fodder harvester for testing, and the ratio of the time of the cutting knife front end from the ground height within 100~150mm to the total test time during the test process was used as the test index, the road simulation test and field profiling harvesting tests were arranged, and the control system was used to obtain the header height and response time in real time, and the results showed that the profiling detection mechanism detected the height information reliably. The linear fitting R2 value was 0.9987; the average value of the response time t of the profiling control system was within 0.16s; the profiling system can perform profiling work on the ground with a slope of 0°~6° at driving speed of 0~6km/h, and during the road simulation test, the ratio β of the time when the height of the cutting knife was within the standard range to the total test time was 90.76%, the pass rates of field profiling harvesting tests were 86.67%, 86.67% and 93.33%,which improved the terrain adaptability of the self-propelled green fodder harvester and reduced the difficulty of controlling the stubble height. It can provide a reference for the profiling technology of selfpropelled green fodder harvester.

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惠云婷,張國(guó)銳,馬海明,李建航,尤泳,王海翼.自走式青飼料收獲機(jī)仿形系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(s2):1-9. HUI Yunting, ZHANG Guorui, MA Haiming, LI Jianhang, YOU Yong, WANG Haiyi. Header Profiling System of Self-propelled Green Fodder Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(s2):1-9.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-25
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-08-30
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