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融合多光譜成像與深度學習的作物植株葉綠素檢測系統(tǒng)研究
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山東省重點研發(fā)計劃(重大科技創(chuàng)新工程)項目(2022CXGC020708-1),、國家自然科學基金項目(31971785)和中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學教改項目(JG202026,、QYJC202101、JG202102,、BH2022176)


Fusing Multispectral Imaging and Deep Learning in Plant Chlorophyll Index Detection System
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    摘要:

    為了滿足田間作物長勢快速檢測與指導變量管理的需求,,以玉米為例設(shè)計了基于多光譜成像的田間作物植株葉綠素檢測系統(tǒng),包括可見光(RGB)和近紅外(Near-infrared, NIR)圖像采集模塊,、主控處理器模塊,、模型加速模塊、顯示及電源模塊,,用于實現(xiàn)玉米植株智能識別與葉綠素指標一體化檢測,。首先,采集玉米苗期和拔節(jié)期冠層圖像數(shù)據(jù)集,,比較了植株冠層實例分割與株心目標檢測兩種深度學習模型,,構(gòu)建了基于MobileDet+SSDLite(Single-shot multibox detector lite)輕量化網(wǎng)絡(luò)的玉米植株定位檢測模型,實現(xiàn)玉米植株識別,。其次,,提取被識別的植株株心RGB-NIR圖像,開展RGB和NIR圖像匹配與分割,,提取R,、G、B和NIR灰度值計算植被指數(shù),,使用SPXY算法(Sample set portioning based on joint X-Y distances)和連續(xù)投影算法(Successive projections algorithm,,SPA)分別對數(shù)據(jù)集進行樣本劃分及特征變量篩選,選擇高斯過程回歸(Gaussian process regression,,GPR)算法建立葉綠素指標檢測模型,。結(jié)果顯示,玉米株心目標檢測模型在遮擋重疊的復雜環(huán)境下識別率達到88.7%,,在不交叉重疊時識別精度達到90%以上,;葉綠素含量指標檢測模型建模集的模型決定系數(shù)R2為0.62,測試集模型決定系數(shù)R2為0.61,。對開發(fā)系統(tǒng)進行田間測試,,結(jié)果顯示,系統(tǒng)檢測速率可達14.6f/s,,平均精度為92.9%,。研究結(jié)果能夠有效解決大田環(huán)境下玉米營養(yǎng)狀態(tài)的檢測問題,滿足大田環(huán)境實時檢測需求,,為作物生產(chǎn)智慧感知提供解決思路和技術(shù)支持,。

    Abstract:

    In order to meet the needs of rapid detection of field crop growth and guiding variable management, a field crop chlorophyll intelligent detection system based on multi-spectral imaging was designed and developed with maize as an example. It included visible light (RGB) and near-infrared (NIR) image acquisition module, main control processor module, model acceleration module, display and power module, which was used to realize intelligent identification of corn plants and integrated detection of chlorophyll index. Firstly, the canopy image data set of maize seedling stage and jointing stage were collected, and two deep learning models of plant canopy instance segmentation and plant center target detection were compared. A corn plant location detection model based on MobileDet+SSDLite (single shot multibox detector lite) lightweight network was constructed to realize corn plant identification. Secondly, the identified plant heart RGB-NIR images were extracted, the matching and segmentation of RGB and NIR images were carried out, and the gray values of R, G, B and NIR were extracted to calculate the vegetation index. SPXY algorithm (sample set portioning based on joint X-Y distances) and SPA (successive projections algorithm) were used. The samples of the dataset were divided and the characteristic variables were screened, and then GPR (Gaussian process regression) algorithm was selected to establish the chlorophyll index detection model. The results showed that the recognition rate of the model reached 88.7% in the complex environment of occlusion overlap, and the recognition accuracy reached more than 90% in the non-overlapping environment. The model determination coefficient R2 of the modeling set of the chlorophyll content index detection model was 0.62, and the model determination coefficient R2 of the test set was 0.61. Field tests on the developed system showed that the detection rate of the system can reach 14.6 frames per second, and the average accuracy was 92.9%. The research results can effectively solve the problem of corn nutritional status detection in field environment, meeting the real-time detection requirements of field environment, and providing solutions and technical support for intelligent perception of crop production.

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王楠,李震,李佳盟,張源,孫紅,李民贊.融合多光譜成像與深度學習的作物植株葉綠素檢測系統(tǒng)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2023,54(s2):260-269. WANG Nan, LI Zhen, LI Jiameng, ZHANG Yuan, SUN Hong, LI Minzan. Fusing Multispectral Imaging and Deep Learning in Plant Chlorophyll Index Detection System[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(s2):260-269.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-20
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-08-30
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