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作物表型信息獲取機(jī)器人底盤(pán)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2021YFD2000105)和中國(guó)機(jī)械工業(yè)集團(tuán)有限公司青年科技基金項(xiàng)目(QNJJ-PY-2022-31)


Design and Experiment of Robot Chassis for Obtaining Crop-Phenotypic Information
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    摘要:

    為進(jìn)一步提升農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人底盤(pán)田間適應(yīng)性和行駛穩(wěn)定性,,面向我國(guó)山東地區(qū)小麥表型信息獲取作業(yè)場(chǎng)景,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種四輪獨(dú)立驅(qū)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)向的農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人底盤(pán)。根據(jù)小麥種植農(nóng)藝需求和行駛地形環(huán)境,,確定了底盤(pán)總體布局方案和主要技術(shù)參數(shù),。分別開(kāi)展了底盤(pán)驅(qū)動(dòng)部件、轉(zhuǎn)向部件以及擺臂平衡部件設(shè)計(jì),,并進(jìn)行了參數(shù)校核和元件選型,。建立了關(guān)鍵部件ANSYS有限元模型,分別進(jìn)行了擺臂平衡機(jī)構(gòu)的應(yīng)力形變分析和車(chē)架振動(dòng)模態(tài)模擬,,仿真結(jié)果表明,,擺臂平衡機(jī)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)度和剛度均能滿(mǎn)足設(shè)計(jì)要求,車(chē)架能夠有效避免因地形激勵(lì)產(chǎn)生的共振,。建立底盤(pán)ADAMS動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真模型,,分別進(jìn)行縱向、橫向穩(wěn)定性分析和單側(cè)凸起,、凹坑越障性分析,,仿真結(jié)果表明,底盤(pán)橫縱向穩(wěn)定性能夠滿(mǎn)足設(shè)計(jì)要求,,擺臂平衡機(jī)構(gòu)能夠有效補(bǔ)償單側(cè)障礙造成的質(zhì)心高度變化,,提高了底盤(pán)的行駛穩(wěn)定性。田間試驗(yàn)表明,,機(jī)器人底盤(pán)具有良好的行駛性能,,硬質(zhì)地面直線行駛平均偏駛率為0.51%,田間地面平均偏駛率為1.13%,。原地轉(zhuǎn)向中心點(diǎn)偏移量為3.1mm,,阿克曼轉(zhuǎn)向最小轉(zhuǎn)向半徑為1.125mm??v向翻傾角為34°,,橫向翻傾角為28°。單側(cè)越障最大高度為160mm,,單側(cè)跨坑最大深度為160mm。

    Abstract:

    To enhance the field adaptability and stability of agricultural robot chassis, a four-wheel independent drive steering chassis was specifically designed for acquiring wheat phenotypic information in Shandong Province. Taking into account the agricultural requirements for wheat cultivation and the driving terrain conditions, comprehensive layout plans and main technical parameters of the chassis were determined. The design focused on the drive components, steering components, and swing arm balance components of the chassis, followed by parameter verification and component selection. An ANSYS finite element model was constructed to analyze stress deformation in the swing arm balance mechanism and simulate the vibration modes of the frame. The simulation results indicated that the swing arm balance mechanism exhibited sufficient strength and stiffness to meet the design requirements, while the frame effectively mitigated resonance caused by terrain excitation. Furthermore, an ADAMS dynamic simulation model of the chassis was established to conduct longitudinal and lateral stability analysis and assess the chassis ability to traverse single side protrusions and dents. The simulation outcomes demonstrated that both the transverse and longitudinal stability of the chassis met the design criteria, and the swing arm balance mechanism effectively compensated for changes in centroid height caused by unilateral obstacles, thereby enhancing driving stability. Field experiments confirmed the excellent driving performance of the robot chassis, with an average deviation rate of 0.51% on hard ground during straight driving and 1.13% on field terrain. The center point offset for turning in place was measured as 3.1mm, and the minimum turning radius for Ackermann turning was determined to be 1.125mm. Additionally, the longitudinal tilt angle reached 34°, while the lateral tilt angle reached 28°. It was noteworthy that the maximum height for traversing unilateral obstacles and the maximum depth for crossing unilateral pits were both 160mm.

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徐圣林,朱立成,韓振浩,王瑞雪,徐慶鐘,賈曉峰.作物表型信息獲取機(jī)器人底盤(pán)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(s2):388-399. XU Shenglin, ZHU Licheng, HAN Zhenhao, WANG Ruixue, XU Qingzhong, JIA Xiaofeng. Design and Experiment of Robot Chassis for Obtaining Crop-Phenotypic Information[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(s2):388-399.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-11
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-08-25
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