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干熱河谷區(qū)橙子樹蒸騰耗水環(huán)境響應與生理調節(jié)研究
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國家自然科學基金青年基金項目(51909232)和中國博士后基金面上項目(2019M663588)


Environmental Response and Physiological Regulation of Transpiration Water Consumption of Orange Trees in Dry-hot Valley
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    摘要:

    為探究西南干熱河谷地區(qū)典型經濟林木橙子樹的蒸騰耗水機制,,利用熱擴散式探針TDP,、冠層分析儀、土壤水分傳感器TDR,、全自動氣象站等設備獲取橙子樹蒸騰量,、葉面積指數、土壤含水率和氣象因子(氣溫,、輻射,、飽和水汽壓差、降雨量等)的長期數據,。對橙子樹蒸騰規(guī)律的環(huán)境控制和生理調節(jié)特征進行系統(tǒng)研究,,結果表明:相比于干季和雨季,干熱季橙子樹表現(xiàn)出較為保守的水分利用機制,,日蒸騰量,、冠層導度和退耦系數都顯著低于其他兩個季節(jié)。干季和雨季,,橙子樹蒸騰活動受太陽輻射和飽和水汽壓差的交替控制,,而干熱季蒸騰活動主要受飽和水汽壓差的驅動。冠層導度與氣象因子日內動態(tài)變化特征之間存在時滯效應,,且這種效應在不同天氣不同季節(jié)具有差異,。受葉面積指數影響,,飽和水汽壓差與冠層導度在整個年份呈負對數相關關系,其他環(huán)境因子與冠層導度在葉面積指數小于4m2/m2時呈負對數相關關系,,大于等于4m2/m2時呈二次函數相關關系,。不同環(huán)境條件下雖然冠層導度對飽和水汽壓差的敏感性不同,但蒸騰耗水在大多數環(huán)境條件下基本遵循等水勢調節(jié)策略,,但個別環(huán)境條件下存在環(huán)境脅迫應對失衡風險,。研究結果可為干熱河谷區(qū)橙子園環(huán)境脅迫診斷提供直接依據,有利于灌溉制度的科學優(yōu)化和節(jié)水調控技術體系的高效制定,。

    Abstract:

    In order to investigate the transpiration and water consumption mechanism of orange trees, a typical economic forest tree in dry-hot valley region of Southwest China was taken as object, and the thermal diffusion probe TDP, soil moisture sensor TDR, automatic weather station and canopy analyzer were used to obtain long-term data on transpiration, soil water content, and temperature, radiation, vapor pressure deficit, precipitation and leaf area index. Through a systematic study on the environmental control and physiological regulation of orange transpiration, the results showed that compared with the dry season and rainy season, the dry-hot season showed a more conservative water utilization mechanism, and the daily transpiration, canopy conductivity and decoupling coefficient were significantly lower than those of the other two seasons. In the dry season and rainy season, the transpiration of orange trees was alternately controlled by solar radiation and the vapor pressure deficit, while the transpiration in the dry-hot season was mainly affected by the vapor pressure deficit. There was a time lag effect between the intraday dynamic change characteristics of the canopy conductance and meteorological factors, and this effect varied in different weather and seasons. The vapor pressure deficit was negatively logarithmically correlated with canopy conductance as influenced by the leaf area index, and other environmental factors also were negatively logarithmically correlated with canopy conductance at leaf area indexes less than 4m2/m2 and quadratically correlated at greater than or equal to 4m2/m2. Although the sensitivity of canopy conductance to saturated water vapor pressure difference varied under different environmental conditions, transpiration basically followed the isohydric regulation strategy under most environmental conditions, but there were individual environmental conditions presenting the risk of environmental stress imbalance. The results can provide a direct basis for the diagnosis of environmental stress in orange orchards in the dry-hot valley area, which was conducive to the scientific optimization of irrigation systems and the efficient formulation of water-saving regulation technology system.

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侯盼盼,朱厚霖,陳滇豫,胡笑濤,張晶瑩,孫駿.干熱河谷區(qū)橙子樹蒸騰耗水環(huán)境響應與生理調節(jié)研究[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2024,55(4):262-271. HOU Panpan, ZHU Houlin, CHEN Dianyu, HU Xiaotao, ZHANG Jingying, SUN Jun. Environmental Response and Physiological Regulation of Transpiration Water Consumption of Orange Trees in Dry-hot Valley[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(4):262-271.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-09-19
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-04-10
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