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不同泥沙含量下受淹脅迫對鄱陽湖平原雙季稻
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江西省水利科技項(xiàng)目(202325ZDKT03、202124ZDKT09)和國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2018YFC1508303)


Effects of Flooding Stress on Growth and Yield of Double Cropping Rice in Poyang Lake Plain under Different Sediment Contents
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    摘要:

    為探究鄱陽湖平原區(qū)洪澇時(shí)期不同泥沙含量下受淹脅迫對雙季稻生長及產(chǎn)量的影響,,采用大田試驗(yàn)與室內(nèi)分析相結(jié)合的方法,,設(shè)置淹2/3株高和全淹2種受淹深度,S1(0kg/m3),、S2(0.5kg/m3),、S3(1.0kg/m3)3種泥沙含量,對淹水后6,、9d早稻和中稻的生長指標(biāo)和水稻產(chǎn)量進(jìn)行了觀測研究,。結(jié)果表明:適度受淹刺激水稻伸長,節(jié)間不斷分化,,葉片伸長,、增寬,。早稻抽穗開花期受淹株高、節(jié)間長增加9.35%,、12.75%,,2/3淹下葉面積增加11.00%。但脅迫過大抑制水稻生長,,中稻全淹下株高和分蘗數(shù)減小33.49%,、29.28%,葉面積減小30.94%,,此時(shí)中稻難以伸出水面,,導(dǎo)致功能葉片附沙嚴(yán)重,泥沙含量增大進(jìn)一步抑制了水稻生長,。受淹導(dǎo)致早稻和中稻穗干物質(zhì)量平均減小32.35%,、58.72%(P<0.05)。結(jié)實(shí)率和千粒質(zhì)量減小是早稻抽穗開花期受淹后產(chǎn)量下降的主要原因,,此時(shí)泥沙含量和淹水時(shí)間的影響并不明顯,。中稻全淹下泥沙導(dǎo)致減產(chǎn)加劇,S2,、S3下減產(chǎn)率比S1下顯著增加31.63%,、52.20%(P<0.05),此時(shí)產(chǎn)量下降是穗長,、有效穗數(shù)、穗粒數(shù),、結(jié)實(shí)率,、千粒質(zhì)量綜合作用的結(jié)果。研究結(jié)果可為鄱陽湖平原區(qū)洪澇災(zāi)害治理和糧食安全保障提供理論和技術(shù)支撐,。

    Abstract:

    To investigate the effects of flooding stress on the growth and yield of double cropping rice under different sediment contents during the flood period in the Poyang Lake Plain area, a combination of field experiments and indoor analysis was used. Two types of flooding depths, including 2/3 plant height and full flooding, and three sediment contents, S1(0kg/m3), S2 (0.5kg/m3), and S3 (1.0kg/m3), were set up. The growth indicators and rice yield of early and middle rice were observed and studied 6 d and 9 d after flooding. The results showed that moderate flooding stimulated rice elongation, continuous internode differentiation, and increased the leaf elongation and width. The height and internode length of flooded plants were increased by 9.35% and 12.75% during the heading-flowering stage of early rice, and the leaf area under 2/3 flooding was increased by 11.00%. However, excessive stress inhibited rice growth. The plant height and tiller number of middle rice were decreased by 33.49% and 29.28%, and the leaf area was decreased by 30.94%. At this time, it was difficult for middle rice to extend beyond the water surface, leading to severe sand deposition on functional leaves. The increase in sediment content further inhibited rice growth. Flooding resulted in an average reduction of 32.35% and 58.72% in dry matter weight of early and middle rice panicles (P<0.05). The decrease in seed setting rate and thousand grain weight was the main reason for the decrease in yield of early rice after being flooded during the heading-flowering stage, and the influence of sediment content and flooding time was not significant at this time. Under full submergence of sediment, the yield reduction of medium rice was intensified. The yield reduction rate under S2 and S3 was significantly increased by 31.63% and 52.20% compared with that under S1 (P<0.05). At this time, the yield decrease was the result of the comprehensive effect of spike length, effective panicle number, grain number per panicle, seed setting rate, and thousand grain weight. The research results can provide theoretical and technical support for flood disaster management and food security guarantee in the Poyang Lake Plain area.

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楊士紅,周望學(xué),俞灣青,劉方平,徐濤,蘇甜.不同泥沙含量下受淹脅迫對鄱陽湖平原雙季稻[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(5):323-333. YANG Shihong, ZHOU Wangxue, YU Wanqing, LIU Fangping, XU Tao, SU Tian. Effects of Flooding Stress on Growth and Yield of Double Cropping Rice in Poyang Lake Plain under Different Sediment Contents[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(5):323-333.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-10-09
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-12-12
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