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滾筒式堆肥反應(yīng)器通風(fēng)攪拌系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2019YFC1906103)


Design and Test of Aeration and Mixing System for Rotary Composting Reactor
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    摘要:

    針對有機廢棄物堆肥過程中物料溶氧效率低導(dǎo)致的堆體起溫速率慢、發(fā)酵不徹底等問題,,設(shè)計了一種高效堆肥通風(fēng)攪拌系統(tǒng),,該系統(tǒng)由分段式通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)和組合式攪拌裝置構(gòu)成,通過對兩個主要裝置進行理論設(shè)計和DEM-FEM耦合仿真,,〖JP3〗實現(xiàn)堆肥通風(fēng)和攪拌工藝優(yōu)化,。結(jié)果顯示,通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)中的最大應(yīng)力出現(xiàn)在通風(fēng)管上,,為13.064MPa,,最大形變量為0.038126mm,,攪拌裝置中最大應(yīng)力出現(xiàn)在抄板上,為190.31MPa,,最大形變量為0.34417mm,,符合設(shè)計要求。在此基礎(chǔ)上,,以食物垃圾和梧桐葉為原料,進行為期14d的堆肥試驗,,監(jiān)測堆肥過程中關(guān)鍵參數(shù)變化并測定發(fā)酵產(chǎn)物相關(guān)指標,,完成通風(fēng)攪拌系統(tǒng)性能驗證試驗。試驗結(jié)果表明:使用該通風(fēng)攪拌系統(tǒng)的滾筒式堆肥反應(yīng)器,,其內(nèi)部堆體溫度在3d時達到53.34℃,,堆肥過程中堆體最高溫度可達69.56℃,堆體高溫期(大于50℃)可持續(xù)6d以上,;試驗結(jié)束后其產(chǎn)物含水率降至27.21%,、pH值升至8.4、種子發(fā)芽指數(shù)最高可達131.4%,,符合有機肥料測定標準(NY/T 525—2021),,滾筒反應(yīng)器運行成本僅65.51元/t。

    Abstract:

    An effective aeration and mixing system composting system was created to address the problems of slow temperature rise and incomplete composting. The system consisted of a segmented aeration mechanism and a combined mixing device for dissolved oxygen. The composting process was designed in a stepwise composting process through the structural design of the two main devices, and the strength of the aeration device and mixing device of the aeration and mixing system were verified by using EDEM (DEM) and ANSYS (FEM) software. The results showed that the maximum stress value in the aeration system appeared in the aeration pipe with 13.064MPa and the maximum deformation was 0.038126mm, and the maximum stress value in the mixing device appeared in the mixing blade with 190.31MPa and the maximum deformation was 0.34417mm, which was in accordance with the design requirements. On this foundation, a 14 day composting test using food waste and maple leaves as feedstock was carried out to test the performance of the aeration and mixing system, record the changes in key parameters of the composting process and measure the relevant indexes of the fermentation production. The test results showed that the compost pile temperature of the rotary composting reactor with this aeration and mixing system reached 53.34℃ on the third day, the maximum temperature of the compost pile reached 69.56℃, and the high temperature period (>50℃) was maintained for 6d. At the same time, the water content of the product reduced 27.21%, the pH value was increased to 8.4 and the maximum seed germination index reached 131.4%, which met the standards for organic fertilizers (NY/T 525—2021),,and the rotary composting reactor operating costed only RMB 65.51 yuan/t.

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李驊,朱振明,王居飛,於海明,李超,朱雪茹.滾筒式堆肥反應(yīng)器通風(fēng)攪拌系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2024,55(5):395-404. LI Hua, ZHU Zhenming, WANG Jufei, YU Haiming, LI Chao, ZHU Xueru. Design and Test of Aeration and Mixing System for Rotary Composting Reactor[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(5):395-404.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-09-25
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-01-22
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