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基于容積閉環(huán)控制的顆粒農產品加料定量方法研究
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福建省中青年教師教育科研項目(JAT210633)


Quantitative Method of Granular Agricultural Products Feeding Based on Volume Closed-loop Control
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    摘要:

    針對顆粒農產品定量加料精度低,、自動化程度不高等問題,,分析了常見顆粒農產品的物理特性,采用了以體積估計質量的定量方法,,并在控制系統中引入閉環(huán)控制方案,,設計了一種顆粒農產品的動態(tài)定量加料設備。該設備主要由具有可變容積量杯結構的定量裝置,、傳送與分流機構以及復檢稱重秤等部分組成,,在闡述機械本體結構和工作原理的基礎上,提出了一種基于歷史離散數據擬合預測誤差的閉環(huán)控制算法,,當復檢工序檢測到加料質量與目標質量存在差值時,,可通過閉環(huán)控制系統補償修正定量加料工序的量杯容積,,從而減小定量加料的誤差。實驗結果表明,,該設備可實現顆粒農產品的高精度動態(tài)定量加料,,具有抗擾動和自適應能力。以大米,、黃豆,、蕓豆為實驗對象,,在旋轉盤轉速為4r/min的工作條件下,,經過3組閉環(huán)反饋調節(jié),加料質量誤差可穩(wěn)定控制在1%以內,。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of low precision and low automation in quantitative feeding of granular agricultural products, the physical characteristics of common granular agricultural products were analyzed. A quantitative method based on volume estimation of mass was adopted, and a closed-loop control scheme was introduced into the control system. A dynamic quantitative feeding equipment for granular agricultural products was developed. The equipment mainly consisted of a quantitative device with a variable volume measuring cup structure, a transmission and distribution mechanism, and a reinspection weighing scale. Based on the explanation of the mechanical structure and working principle, a closed-loop control algorithm based on historical discrete data fitting prediction error was proposed. When the reinspection process detected a difference between the feeding quality and the target quality, the volume of the measuring cup in the quantitative feeding process would be compensated and corrected through a closed-loop control system, thereby reducing the error of quantitative feeding. The results of experiment showed that the equipment could achieve high-precision dynamic quantitative feeding of granular agricultural products with anti-interference and adaptive capabilities. Taking rice, soybeans, and kidney beans as the experimental object, the feeding quality error could be stably controlled within 1% after three sets of closed-loop feedback adjustments when the rotational speed of the turntable was 4r/min. And the quantitative accuracy was far higher than that of the national requirement for the allowable shortage of quantitatively packaged goods.

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王嘉恩.基于容積閉環(huán)控制的顆粒農產品加料定量方法研究[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2024,55(8):410-417. WANG Jiaen. Quantitative Method of Granular Agricultural Products Feeding Based on Volume Closed-loop Control[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(8):410-417.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-04
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-08-10
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