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手持搖枝式酸棗振動(dòng)采摘裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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財(cái)政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)專項(xiàng)(CARS-27)和河北省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)專項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(HBCT2024150202)


Design and Experiment of Hand-held Shaking Branch Type Jujube Vibration Picker
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    摘要:

    針對酸棗收獲過程中人工采收效率低、大型機(jī)械采收困難等問題,,設(shè)計(jì)了手持搖枝式酸棗振動(dòng)采摘裝置,。通過建立酸棗“果實(shí)-枝條”單擺動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,分析受迫振動(dòng)下果實(shí)脫落條件,,求解動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,,確定影響酸棗采摘效果的主要影響因素為振動(dòng)頻率、振幅,、夾持位置,;利用ANSYS仿真軟件對酸棗植株模型進(jìn)行自由模態(tài)響應(yīng)與諧響應(yīng)分析,結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)振動(dòng)頻率為4~12 Hz,、振幅為10~20 mm,、夾持位置為0.3~0.7時(shí),主枝,、掛果枝位移明顯且對樹體損傷較小,。為確定采摘裝置最佳工作參數(shù),以酸棗摘凈率為評價(jià)指標(biāo),,進(jìn)行三因素三水平振動(dòng)采摘試驗(yàn),,得到酸棗摘凈率和各影響因素的數(shù)學(xué)回歸模型,利用Design-Expert軟件對試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)和響應(yīng)曲面進(jìn)行分析優(yōu)化,,確定最佳工作參數(shù)組合為:振動(dòng)頻率5.91 Hz,、振幅15.30 mm、夾持位置0.45,,此時(shí)酸棗摘凈率為93.33%,,驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)表明,酸棗摘凈率為94.18%,,與優(yōu)化值接近,,模型優(yōu)化可靠。

    Abstract:

    The hand-held shaking branch jujube harvester was designed to solve the problems of low manual harvesting efficiency and difficulty of large-scale mechanical harvesting in the process of jujube harvesting. By establishing the “fruit-branch” single pendulum dynamic model of jujube, the conditions of fruit shedding under forced vibration were analyzed, the dynamic model was solved, the main influencing factors affecting the picking effect of jujube were determined as vibration frequency, amplitude and clamping position. The free modal response and harmonic response analysis of the jujube plant model were carried out by ANSYS simulation software. The results showed that when the vibration frequency was 4~12 Hz, the amplitude was 10~20 mm, and the clamping position was 0.3~0.7, the displacement of the main branch and the hanging fruit branch was obvious and there was less damage to the tree. In order to determine the optimal working parameters of the picking device, the three-factor and three-level vibration picking test was carried out with the picking rate of jujube as the evaluation index. Mathematical regression model of picking jujube and the influencing factors were obtained. The experimental data and response surface were analyzed and optimized by Design-Expert software. The optimal working parameters were determined as follows: the vibration frequency was 5.91 Hz, the amplitude was 15.30 mm, the clamping position was 0.45. At this time, the picking rate of jujube was 93.33%. It can be seen through the validation test that the picking rate of jujube was 94.18%, which was similar to tlee optimized values, indicating that the optimized model was reliable.

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劉洪杰,李峻藤,楊欣,李建平,王鵬飛.手持搖枝式酸棗振動(dòng)采摘裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(9):194-204,,215. LIU Hongjie, LI Junteng, YANG Xin, LI Jianping, WANG Pengfei. Design and Experiment of Hand-held Shaking Branch Type Jujube Vibration Picker[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(9):194-204,,215.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-04-14
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-09-10
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