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高速免耕玉米播種單體鎮(zhèn)壓力主動(dòng)調(diào)控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2021YFD2000405)和陜西省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2024NC-YBXM-008、2023-YBNY-226)


Design and Test of Active Control System for Soil Compaction of High Speed No-tillage Maize Planter
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)高速免耕播種條件下鎮(zhèn)壓系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性難以保障問題,,提出鎮(zhèn)壓力主動(dòng)調(diào)控技術(shù)方案,,設(shè)計(jì)了基于電液控制的玉米播種單體鎮(zhèn)壓系統(tǒng)。提出系統(tǒng)總體結(jié)構(gòu)方案,,并通過對(duì)播種單體運(yùn)動(dòng)和鎮(zhèn)壓部件與土壤互作力學(xué)分析,,確定了鎮(zhèn)壓力控制過程。完成了電液控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)和硬件選型,,分別采用AMEsim仿真分析和階躍響應(yīng)試驗(yàn),,開展了液壓執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)和電控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì),采用自動(dòng)PID控制方式,,系統(tǒng)調(diào)節(jié)時(shí)間均值為1.9s,,穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差均值為1.9N,超調(diào)量均值為2.0%,,均明顯優(yōu)于機(jī)械調(diào)節(jié)方式,。開展了正弦曲線地表土槽驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn),對(duì)比研究不同調(diào)節(jié)方式和地表?xiàng)l件對(duì)鎮(zhèn)壓力穩(wěn)定性的影響,,結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)目標(biāo)鎮(zhèn)壓力為300N時(shí),,相較傳統(tǒng)的機(jī)械調(diào)節(jié)方式,,電液控制方式鎮(zhèn)壓力均方根誤差平均低30.1%,種溝土壤堅(jiān)實(shí)度變異系數(shù)平均低24.46個(gè)百分點(diǎn),;正弦曲線地表豎直方向上的最大位移分別為0,、20、40mm時(shí),,隨著目標(biāo)鎮(zhèn)壓力增加,,鎮(zhèn)壓力均方根誤差變化不顯著,最大差值為39.2N,?;陔娨嚎刂频挠衩撞シN單體鎮(zhèn)壓系統(tǒng)能夠在不同地面條件下保障鎮(zhèn)壓作業(yè)質(zhì)量,該研究可為旱區(qū)播種作業(yè)過程中濕潤種床構(gòu)建以及高速免耕條件下玉米播種提供技術(shù)和裝備支撐,。

    Abstract:

    It is difficult to guarantee the stability of soil compaction system under the condition of high speed no-tillage seeding. Therefore, a technical scheme of automatic soil compaction control was proposed, and the electro-hydraulic control system for soil compaction of maize planter was designed. The overall structure of the system was proposed, and the pressure control process was determined through the mechanical analysis of the movement of the seeding monomer and the interaction between suppression wheel and soil. The electro-hydraulic control system design and hardware selection were carried out. AMEsim simulation analysis and step response test were used respectively to design the hydraulic actuator and electronic control system. The results showed that compared with the traditional mechanical regulation, the adjustment accuracy and stability of the hydraulic actuator using PID control were improved. The mean adjustment time of the control system for soil compaction was 1.9s, the mean steady-state error was 1.9N, and the mean overshoot was 2.0%. It was obviously better than mechanical control. Sinusoidal surface soil trough verification test was adopted, and comparative experimental study was carried out on the influence of different adjustment methods and surface conditions on the stability of soil compaction. The results showed that when the target pressure was 300N, the RMSE of the pressure using electro-hydraulic control was 30.1% lower on average and the variation coefficient of soil compaction was 24.46 percentage points lower than that by using traditional mechanical control. When the maximum surface displacement in the vertical direction of sine curve was 0mm, 20mm and 40mm, respectively, the variation of RMSE was not significant with the increase of the target force, and the maximum difference was 39.2N. The automatic soil compaction control system of maize planter based on electro-hydraulic control can guarantee the compaction operation quality under different work conditions. It provided technical and equipment support for the construction of seed bed and maize sowing under the condition of high speed and no tillage in arid region.

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付作立,宮志超,褚青昕,李海宇,張墨林,黃玉祥.高速免耕玉米播種單體鎮(zhèn)壓力主動(dòng)調(diào)控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(11):273-284. FU Zuoli, GONG Zhichao, CHU Qingxin, LI Haiyu, ZHANG Molin, HUANG Yuxiang. Design and Test of Active Control System for Soil Compaction of High Speed No-tillage Maize Planter[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(11):273-284.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-11-10
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