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壟作草莓雙臂采摘機(jī)器人設(shè)計與試驗(yàn)
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浙江省自然科學(xué)基金重大項目(LD24E050006)和浙江省“三農(nóng)九方”農(nóng)業(yè)科技協(xié)作項目(2022SNJF017)


Design and Experiment of Picking Robot with Dual Arms for Ground Planting Strawberries
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    摘要:

    根據(jù)種植模式的不同,,可將草莓分為壟作地栽和高架種植兩種模式,。相比于高架種植,壟作地栽種植成本較低,,在國內(nèi)占據(jù)較大的比例,。為適應(yīng)壟作草莓種植農(nóng)藝,實(shí)現(xiàn)壟作草莓采摘,,解決勞動力短缺,、成本上升等一系列問題,本文研制了一臺適用于壟作種植模式下的雙臂草莓采摘機(jī)器人,。該機(jī)器人能夠在草莓地壟間行駛并自動識別成熟草莓,,完成采 摘、收集,。以Arduino Nano V3.0 開發(fā)板為主控制器,,基于Ubuntu20.04 進(jìn)行開發(fā),以 NVIDIA 邊緣計算平臺Jetson Xavier NX 為核心,,機(jī)器人的移動平臺使用了高地隙四輪轉(zhuǎn)向底盤,,采用RealSense L515 作為檢測識別草莓的傳感器,通過YOLO v8- Pose網(wǎng)絡(luò)獲取草莓果實(shí)的目標(biāo)檢測框和關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)信息,,結(jié)合關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)與點(diǎn)云處理實(shí)現(xiàn)對草莓果柄姿態(tài)獲取和采摘點(diǎn)的定位;兩套機(jī)械臂安裝剪切-夾持一體式末端執(zhí)行器,,實(shí)現(xiàn)對草莓果柄的剪切與夾持。整個采摘系統(tǒng)由Arduino Nano V3.0開發(fā)板進(jìn)行驅(qū)動,,機(jī)械臂兩側(cè)均配有L515相機(jī),,通過相機(jī)的識別與捕捉,再通過串行總線將草莓果實(shí)的坐標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸給Jetson Xavier NX,,驅(qū)動機(jī)械臂末端,,實(shí)現(xiàn)草莓采摘。最后,,在實(shí)地草莓大棚中進(jìn)行采摘試驗(yàn),。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,在果梗處無遮擋情 況下采摘成功率達(dá)到85.4%,,存在部分遮擋時采摘成功率為75.5%,,采摘單個草莓平均耗時為12.5 s,損傷率為18.5%,。

    Abstract:

    According to different planting modes, strawberries can be divided into two types:ridge planting and elevated planting. Compared with elevated planting, ridge planting had lower costs and occupied a larger proportion in China. To adapt to the agricultural practices of planting strawberries in the field, strawberry picking in the field was achieved, and problems such as labor shortage and rising costs, a dual-arm strawberry picking robot suitabT for the field planting mode. This robot can travel between strawberry ridges and automatically recognize mature strawberries to complete picking and collection. The design used the Arduino Nano V3.0 development board as the main controller which was developed based on Ubuntu 20.04. With the NVIDIA edge computing platform Jetson Xavier NX as the core, the mobile platform of the robot usesd a four-wheel steering chassis with high clearance, the real sense L515 as the recognition device for mature strawberries, the target detection frame and key point information of strawberry fruits through YOLO v8-Pose network was obtained, and the acquisition of strawberry handle posture and the positioning of picking points in combination with key points and point cloud processing. Two sets of robotic arms were installed with integrated end effectors for cutting and clamping strawberry stalks. The entire picking system was driven by the Arduino Nano V3.0 development board, and both sides of the robotic arm were equipped with L515 cameras. Through the recognition and capture of the cameras, the coordinate data of the strawberry fruit was transmitted to Jetson Xavier NX through a serial bus to drive the end of the robotic arm and achieve strawberry picking. Finally, a picking experiment was conducted in a strawberry orchard on site. The experimental results showed that the success rate of picking without obstruction at the stem was 85.4%, and the success rate with partial obstruction was 75.5%. The average time for picking a strawberry was12.5 s, and the damage rate was18.5%.

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董乃深,程泓超,應(yīng)仇凱,馬锃宏,杜小強(qiáng).壟作草莓雙臂采摘機(jī)器人設(shè)計與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2024,55(s1):29-40,,50. DONG Naishen, CHENG Hongchao, YING Qiukai, MA Zenghong, DU Xiaoqiang. Design and Experiment of Picking Robot with Dual Arms for Ground Planting Strawberries[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(s1):29-40,50.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-26
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-12-10
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