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面向大田作物冠層信息采集的自走式輪式平臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(32101622)


Design and Test of Self-propelled Wheeled Platform for Field Crop Canopy Information Collection
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    摘要:

    大田作物冠層包含豐富信息,,可為開展作物表型和作物行感知方法研究提供數(shù)據(jù)資料。當(dāng)前信息采集過程通常面臨 作物高度變化不均,、不同生長(zhǎng)期作物表現(xiàn)差異大等問題,,對(duì)地面采集裝備適應(yīng)性和作業(yè)效率造成較大困難。為此,,本文設(shè)計(jì)了一種具備輪距與地隙可調(diào),、人工遙控和自動(dòng)導(dǎo)航雙模控制功能的分布式電驅(qū)輪式平臺(tái),。首先,,分析典型大田作物的農(nóng)藝性狀,確定平臺(tái)結(jié)構(gòu)邊界參數(shù),,開展整機(jī)構(gòu)型設(shè)計(jì),。開發(fā)底盤控制系統(tǒng),建立以 STM32F103 芯片為核心控制器的運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng),,支持前輪阿克曼轉(zhuǎn)向,、四輪阿克曼轉(zhuǎn)向和原地轉(zhuǎn)向等多種轉(zhuǎn)向模式;構(gòu)建以 Xavier 為決策控制器、GNSS/INS 組合 導(dǎo)航定位的導(dǎo)航控制系統(tǒng)。開展底盤運(yùn)動(dòng)性能試驗(yàn),,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,,所建平臺(tái)直線對(duì)中性能穩(wěn)定、轉(zhuǎn)向靈活,,對(duì)于遙控直 線行駛試驗(yàn),,橫向偏差平均值為 0.019 m、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差為 0.017 m;航向偏差平均值為1.67°,、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差為1.03° ; 對(duì)于轉(zhuǎn)向性能試驗(yàn),,前輪阿克曼轉(zhuǎn)向平均精度為 96.57%、四輪阿克曼轉(zhuǎn)向平均精度為 96.64%,、原地轉(zhuǎn)向平均偏移量為 0.034 m,。以玉米為 代表性作物,開展作物冠層圖像采集試驗(yàn),,驗(yàn)證所建平臺(tái)的有效性,,結(jié)果表明:所建平臺(tái)能夠自動(dòng)跟蹤規(guī)劃路線進(jìn)行對(duì)行行駛、地頭換向,、跨行對(duì)中等動(dòng)作,,完成冠層圖像無損采集;對(duì)行行駛橫向偏差平均值不大于 0.052 m、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差不大于 0.029 m,,航向偏差平均值不大于5.653°,、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差不大于3.843°。

    Abstract:

    The field crop canopy contains a wealth of information that can provide important data for the study of crop phenotype and crop row perception methods. At present, the information collection process usually faces problems such as uneven crop height change and large differences in crop performance in different growth periods, which causes great difficulties to the adaptability and operation efficiency of ground acquisition equipment. Therefore, a distributed electric wheeled platform was designed with adjustable wheel base and ground clearance, manual remote control and automatic navigation dual-mode control. Firstly, the agronomic traits of typical field crops were analyzed, the boundary parameters of the platform structure were determined, and the whole structure design was carried out. The chassis control system was developed, a motion control system with STM32F103 chip as the core controller was established, which can support multiple steering modes such as front-wheel Ackerman steering, four-wheel Ackerman steering and in-place steering. A navigation control system with Xavier as the decision controller and GNSS/INS integrated navigation and positioning was constructed. The chassis motion performance test showed that the straight-line alignment performance of the built platform was stable and the steering was flexible, and the average lateral deviation was 0.019 m, the standard deviation was 0.017 m, the average heading deviation was 1.67 ° and standard deviation was 1.03 °. For the steering performance test, the average steering accuracy of the front wheel Ackerman was 96.57%, the average steering accuracy of the four- wheel Ackerman was 96.64%, and the average deviation of in-situ steering was 0.034 m. Taking maize as a representative crop, the crop canopy image acquisition experiment was carried out to verify the effectiveness of the built platform, and the results showed that the built platform could automatically track the planned route for row driving, ground head reversal, and cross-row alignment, and complete the non-destructive collection of canopy images. The average lateral deviation of the opposite driving was not more than 0.052 m, the standard deviation was not more than 0.029 m, the average value of the course deviation was not more than 5.653 °, and the standard deviation was not more than 3.843 °.

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田永浩,劉禹,張碩,馬堯,翟志強(qiáng),朱忠祥,杜岳峰.面向大田作物冠層信息采集的自走式輪式平臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(s1):101-107. TIAN Yonghao, LIU Yu, ZHANG Shuo, MA Yao, ZHAI Zhiqiang, ZHU Zhongxiang, DU Yuefeng. Design and Test of Self-propelled Wheeled Platform for Field Crop Canopy Information Collection[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(s1):101-107.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-16
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-12-10
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