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丘陵山區(qū)小型農(nóng)機底盤自動調(diào)平系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2021YFD2000502),、山東省重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2023TSGC0536),、寧夏自治區(qū)重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2023BCF01052)和日照市重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2023ZDYF010114)


Design and Test of Automatic Leveling System for Chassis of Small Agricultural Machinery in Hilly and Mountainous Areas
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    摘要:

    為解決農(nóng)機在丘陵山地坡度大,、地塊小等復(fù)雜地形下作業(yè)的穩(wěn)定性差、效率低與駕駛安全舒適性差等問題,,本文提出了一種丘陵山區(qū)小型農(nóng)機底盤的自動調(diào)平系統(tǒng)設(shè)計方案,,該系統(tǒng)整合了行駛系統(tǒng)、控制系統(tǒng)和調(diào)平執(zhí)行機構(gòu),。設(shè)計了自平衡的三點調(diào)平系統(tǒng),,前方調(diào)平機構(gòu)采用被動減震技術(shù)處理高頻擾動,后方則利用雙導(dǎo)柱式伺服電缸確保運動軌跡的精確與穩(wěn)定;開發(fā)了以單片機為核心的控制系統(tǒng),,結(jié)合以伺服電缸為主的電控技術(shù),,實現(xiàn)作業(yè)底盤傾斜角度的自動調(diào)節(jié),提高農(nóng)機在丘陵山區(qū)多樣性地形下的穩(wěn)定性和作業(yè)效率,。為滿足農(nóng)機在復(fù)雜地形中對承載與穩(wěn)定性的要求,,調(diào)平策略采用了設(shè) 定點不動調(diào)平法并對其運動過程進行了分析。最后經(jīng)過靜態(tài)試驗驗證,,該系統(tǒng)可以使不同初始俯仰角和橫滾角傾斜狀態(tài)調(diào) 整為-0.2°~0.2° 的設(shè)定狀態(tài),,動態(tài)試驗驗證了實際工作時可以在2 s 內(nèi)將底盤傾角調(diào)整為-1.2°~1.2°且標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差約為 0.8°, 達到設(shè)計預(yù)期目標(biāo)。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problems of poor stability, low efficiency and poor driving safety and comfort of agricultural machinery operating in complex terrain such as large slope and small plot, a design scheme of automatic leveling system for the chassis of small agricultural machinery in hilly and mountainous areas was put forward, which integrated the driving system, control system and leveling actuator. A self-balancing three-point leveling system was designed. The front leveling mechanism used passive damping technology to deal with high-frequency disturbance, and the rear used double guide post servo cylinder to ensure the accuracy and stability of motion trajectory. The control system based on single chip microcomputer was developed, and the electronic control technology based on servo cylinder was used to realize the automatic adjustment of the tilting angle of the working chassis, so as to improve the stability and working efficiency of the agricultural machinery in the hilly and mountainous terrain. In order to meet the requirements of load bearing and stability of agricultural machinery in complex terrain, the leveling strategy of "fixed set point leveling method" was adopted and its movement process was analyzed. Finally, the static test verified that the system can adjust the tilt state of different initial pitch angle and roll angle to the set state of-0.2°~ 0.2 °. The dynamic test verified that the chassis tilt angle can be adjusted to-1.2° ~1.2 ° and the standard deviation was about 0.8 ° in actual work, reaching the design expectation.

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賈新樂,石舟,李銳,張國海,耿端陽,蘭玉彬,王伯龍.丘陵山區(qū)小型農(nóng)機底盤自動調(diào)平系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2024,55(s1):108-115. JIA Xinle, SHI Zhou, LI Rui, ZHANG Guohai, GENG Duanyang, LAN Yubin, WANG Bolong. Design and Test of Automatic Leveling System for Chassis of Small Agricultural Machinery in Hilly and Mountainous Areas[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(s1):108-115.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-29
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-12-10
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