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黃精塊根苗橫向交錯(cuò)移栽裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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財(cái)政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國(guó)家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項(xiàng)目(CARS-21)


Design and Experiment of Polygonatum sibiricum Root Seedlings Transverse Staggered Transplanting Device
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    摘要:

    目前黃精種植生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)仍以人工作業(yè)為主,特別是黃精移栽人工作業(yè)方式存在工作強(qiáng)度大、效率低,、合格率差,、種苗損傷率高等問(wèn)題。為提升黃精移栽機(jī)械化水平,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種黃精塊根苗橫向交錯(cuò)移栽機(jī)具,。該移栽機(jī)主要由輸送組件、傳動(dòng)電控組件,、開溝組件,、覆土組件、鎮(zhèn)壓組件,、地輪組件,、底架等組成?;邳S精塊根苗移栽農(nóng)藝要求及形態(tài)學(xué)和力學(xué)特性參數(shù),,采用柔性帶式輸送方式確定輸送帶、苗槽,、開溝器等結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和苗槽布置形式;離散元仿真結(jié)果表明,,開溝深度和前進(jìn)速度影響移栽作業(yè)效果及效率,采用響應(yīng)面優(yōu)化最佳作業(yè)參數(shù)區(qū)間為:開溝深度 85~110 mm,、前進(jìn)速度 0.3~ 0.5 km/h;設(shè)計(jì)試驗(yàn)樣機(jī)并驗(yàn)證,,得到平均傷苗率為 0.52%,平均芽頭朝向合格率為 88.6%,,平均株距為(10.99±1.75)cm,,株距變異系數(shù)為15.93%,平均移栽深度為(9.525±0.48)cm,,移栽深度變異系數(shù)為5.04%,。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,整機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)合理,,作業(yè)效果可靠穩(wěn)定,,滿足黃精塊根苗移栽農(nóng)藝要求。

    Abstract:

    At present, the planting and production process of Polygonatum sibiricum is still dominated by manual operations, especially the manual operation mode of transplanting Polygonatum sibiricum has problems such as high work intensity, low efficiency, poor pass rate, and high seedling damage rate. In order to improve the mechanization level of transplanting of Polygonatum sibiricum, a transverse staggered transplanting machine was designed. The transplanting machine was mainly composed of conveying components, transmission electronic control components, ditching components, covering components, suppression components, ground wheel components, underframes, etc. Based on the agronomic requirements and morphological and mechanical characteristics parameters of transplanting root seedlings of Polygonatum sibiricum tuber, the conveying mode was designed as flexible belt conveying, and the structural parameters such as conveyor belt, seedling trough and furrow opener and the layout form of seedling trough were determined. The results of discrete element simulation showed that the combination of ditching depth and forward speed affected the effect and efficiency of transplanting operation, and the optimal operation parameter interval of response surface optimization was as follows:trenching depth was 85~110 mm, and forward speed was 0.3~0.5 km/h. The experimental prototype was designed and verified, and the average seedling injury rate was 0.52%, the average bud head orientation pass rate was 88.6%, the average plant spacing was(10.99±1.75)cm, the plant spacing variation coefficient was 15.93%, the average transplanting depth was(9.525±0.48)cm, and the transplanting depth variation coefficient was 5.04%. The test results showed that the structure design of the whole machine was reasonable, the operation effect was reliable and stable, and it met the agronomic requirements of transplanting root seedlings of Polygonatum sibiricum tuber.

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張福增,吳敏,李愛(ài)潮,魏青,鄭志安.黃精塊根苗橫向交錯(cuò)移栽裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(s1):186-196. ZHANG Fuzeng, WU Min, LI Aichao, WEI Qing, ZHENG Zhian. Design and Experiment of Polygonatum sibiricum Root Seedlings Transverse Staggered Transplanting Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(s1):186-196.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-12-10
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