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不同試驗條件下的大蔥蔥莖射頻干燥特性研究
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山東省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術體系崗位專家項目(SDAIT-02-12)和國家自然科學基金項目(32372008)


Impacts of Experimental Factors on Radio Frequency Drying Characteristics of Scallion Stem
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    摘要:

    通過分析不同試驗條件下大蔥蔥莖在射頻干燥過程中的溫升,、吸收功率以及失水率等,,明確干燥物料及形態(tài)、容器材料及其放置高度,、物料層厚,、極板間距和加熱目標溫度等因素對于大蔥蔥莖射頻干燥特性的影響,為后續(xù)大蔥射頻干燥研究提供合理高效的試驗基本參數(shù)及其因素水平范圍,。在相同射頻條件下,,蔥莖碎的溫升速率約為蔥莖片的3倍,且蔥芯所需要的干燥時長約為蔥白干燥時長的2倍,,為避免干燥不同步導致蔥白過度干燥,,應將蔥白與蔥芯分別進行射頻干燥。與聚四氟乙烯(PTFE),、聚乙烯(PE)材料的容器相比,,蔥莖碎在聚丙烯(PP)容器中的溫升速率更高,因此PP材料更適合用作蔥莖射頻干燥的容器,。在選定干燥物料及其形態(tài)與所用容器的基礎上,,通過試驗發(fā)現(xiàn)層厚14 mm、質(zhì)量650 g是蔥白碎可以實現(xiàn)較快溫升速率的最小層厚及質(zhì)量;極板間距77~87 mm的范圍既可以保證最大層厚28 mm的蔥白在最小極板間距下不會發(fā)生過流和焦糊現(xiàn)象,,也能保證最小層厚14 mm 的蔥白在最大極板間距下能較快速地到達 75 ℃的目標溫度,。此 外,將層厚14 mm 和28 mm 的蔥白分別在容器墊高11 mm 和不墊高時進行同樣條件的射頻干燥,,發(fā)現(xiàn)不同層厚蔥白在墊高和不墊高時吸收的射頻功率存在不同程度變化,,并且失水率變化趨勢也有差別;層厚14 mm的蔥白在不墊高時比墊高提高干燥效率約8%,而層厚28 mm的蔥白在不墊高和墊高時具有相同的干燥時長,。由于容器墊高11 mm對不同層厚蔥白在相同射頻干燥條件下干燥特性的影響不同,,選擇不墊高容器更利于蔥白的射頻干燥研究。

    Abstract:

    Through analyzing the temperature rise, radio frequency(RF)output power, and water loss during the RF drying of scallion stem under the different experimental conditions, the impacts of form of scallion stem to be heated and its parts, container material and its placement position, scallion layer height, electrode gap, and target temperature on the RF drying characteristics of scallion stem were clarified. The results could provide reasonable and efficient experimental parameters and factors’ scopes for the subsequent research of scallion stem RF drying. It was found that the temperature rise rate of chopped scallion stem was about three times that of scallion stem slice, and the drying period required for scallion core was twice that for scallion white under the same RF parameters. Therefore, scallion white and scallion core should be RF dried separately to avoid excessive drying of scallion white. Compared with containers made of polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) and polyethylene(PE)material, the temperature rise rate of chopped scallion stem in polypropylene (PP)container was higher. Therefore, PP container was more suitable to be used for scallion stem RF drying. Using the selected PP container, the chopped scallion white with the minimum layer height of 14 mm and mass of 650 g could achieve a fast temperature rise rate. The range of electrode gap between 77 mm and 87 mm could ensure that the scallion white of the maximum layer height of 28 mm avoided overcurrent and burnt under the minimum electrode gap, and that the scallion white of the minimum layer height of 14 mm reached the target temperature of 75 ℃ quickly under the maximum electrode gap. In addition, the scallion white with layer heights of 14 mm and 28 mm were subjected to the same RF drying at conditions of raising container 11 mm and no raise, respectively. It was found that RF power variations and water loss changing tendency under these two conditions for the scallion white with different layer heights were different. Moreover, the scallion white of 14 mm layer height with no container raise improved drying efficiency about 8% compared with that with container raise, while the scallion white of 28 mm layer height obtained the same RF drying periods under those two conditions. Therefore, the scallion white or its container without raise of 11 mm was more conducive to its RF drying research due to the different effects of container raise on the drying characteristics of scallion white with different layer heights under the same RF drying parameters.

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李學姣,劉光澤,阮培英,盧曉峰,程衛(wèi)東,張銀平,耿端陽.不同試驗條件下的大蔥蔥莖射頻干燥特性研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2024,55(s1):356-363. LI Xuejiao, LIU Guangze, Ruan Peiying, LU Xiaofeng, CHENG Weidong, ZHANG Yinping, GENG Duanyang. Impacts of Experimental Factors on Radio Frequency Drying Characteristics of Scallion Stem[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(s1):356-363.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-20
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-12-10
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