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果園四頭傾斜螺旋式精準排肥器設計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2022YFD2001400)、國家梨產(chǎn)業(yè)技術體系項目(CARS-28)和江蘇省農(nóng)業(yè)科技自主創(chuàng)新資金項目


Design and Experiment of Four-head Inclined Spiral Precision Fertilizer Dischargers in Orchard
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    摘要:

    針對現(xiàn)有傳統(tǒng)螺旋排肥器排肥量波動大,、穩(wěn)定性差等問題,,設計了一種四頭傾斜螺旋式精準排肥器。通過運動分析和理論計算,,確定了影響排肥量穩(wěn)定性的主要參數(shù)及其取值范圍,。以螺旋葉片頭數(shù)、排肥器傾角,、螺旋葉片直徑、螺旋葉片螺距和螺旋葉片轉(zhuǎn)速為試驗因素,,以排肥量變異系數(shù)為試驗指標,,開展了單因素和多因素離散元仿真試驗。單因素仿真試驗結果表明,,螺旋葉片頭數(shù),、排肥器傾角、螺旋葉片直徑和螺旋葉片轉(zhuǎn)速等4個因素對排肥量穩(wěn)定性有顯著影響,,采用四頭傾斜排肥螺旋輸送肥料,,可以提高排肥量穩(wěn)定性,。多因素仿真試驗結果表明,當采用四頭排肥螺旋時,,最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合為:排肥器傾角38°,、螺旋葉片直徑46mm、螺旋葉片轉(zhuǎn)速31 r/min,。在該組合下,,排肥量變異系數(shù)達到最小值,為1.65%,。最后,,在最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合基礎上,通過排肥量穩(wěn)定性臺架試驗驗證了仿真結果,。結果顯示,,實測排肥量變異系數(shù)為 3.69%。進一步優(yōu)化得到,,當螺旋葉片轉(zhuǎn)速為33 r/min時,,排肥量變異系數(shù)達到最小值,為2.92%,。仿真和臺架試驗表明,,經(jīng)過改進優(yōu)化后的四頭傾斜螺旋式精準排肥器在排肥穩(wěn)定性方面表現(xiàn)良好,符合果園施肥規(guī)定標準,,能夠滿足果園施肥作業(yè)要求,。

    Abstract:

    To address the issues of significant fertilizer discharge fluctuations and poor stability in traditional spiral fertilizer dischargers, a four-head inclined spiral precision fertilizer discharger was designed. Through motion analysis and theoretical calculations, the key parameters affecting the stability of fertilizer discharge rate were identified, along with their optimal value ranges.Experimental factors included the number of spiral blades, discharger inclination angle, spiral blade diameter, spiral blade pitch, and spiral blade rotational speed, with the coefficient of variation of fertilizer discharge rate as the evaluation metric. Discrete element method (DEM) simulations were conducted for both single-factor and multi-factor scenarios. The single-factor simulation results indicated that the number of spiral blades, discharger inclination angle, spiral blade diameter, and spiral blade rotational speed all significantly impacted the stability of fertilizer discharge rate. It was found that using a four-head inclined spiral to convey fertilizer can enhance discharge stability. Multifactor simulation results showed that the optimal parameter combination for a four-head spiral configuration was with discharger inclination angle of 38°,spiral blade diameter of 46 mm, and spiral blade rotational speed of 31 r/min. Under this combination, the coefficient of variation of fertilizer discharge rate reached minimum value of 1.65%. Finally, bench tests were conducted to validate the simulation results under the optimal parameter combination. The tests revealed that the measured coefficient of variation for fertilizer discharge rate was 3.69%. Further optimization determined that at spiral blade rotational speed of 33 r/min, the coefficient of variation could be minimized to 2.92%. Both simulation and bench test results demonstrated that the improved four-head inclined spiral precision fertilizer discharger performed well in terms of fertilizer discharge stability, which can meet orchard fertilization standards, and satisfy the operational requirements for orchard fertilization.

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徐文智,袁全春,曾錦,呂曉蘭.果園四頭傾斜螺旋式精準排肥器設計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2024,55(s2):30-40. XU Wenzhi, YUAN Quanchun, ZENG Jin, Lü Xiaolan. Design and Experiment of Four-head Inclined Spiral Precision Fertilizer Dischargers in Orchard[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(s2):30-40.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-08-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-12-10
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