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基于離散元仿真的馬鈴薯收獲機(jī)集薯裝袋過(guò)程研究
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國(guó)家馬鈴薯產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系資金項(xiàng)目(CARS-09-P25)


Bagging Process of Potato Harvester Based on EDEM
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    摘要:

    為保證收獲機(jī)作業(yè)效率的同時(shí),,降低馬鈴薯收獲機(jī)在集薯裝袋過(guò)程的傷薯率,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種集薯卸袋裝置,并基于離散元仿真研究馬鈴薯在該裝置上的碰撞過(guò)程和受力情況,。該裝置可完成集薯,、裝袋、卸袋工序,,保證作業(yè)過(guò)程不停機(jī),,提高機(jī)器作業(yè)效率,。通過(guò)理論分析獲取了升降液壓缸的受力關(guān)系式并確定了升降液壓缸的選型及布置形式,。分析了薯塊碰撞過(guò)程,獲取了碰撞應(yīng)力的關(guān)系表達(dá)式,,并確定了應(yīng)力的影響因素為箱壁與水平面的夾角和法向沖擊速度;通過(guò)分析計(jì)算得到了集薯箱的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)范圍,,結(jié)合集薯卸袋裝置的工作需求設(shè)計(jì)了相應(yīng)的液壓系統(tǒng)。為驗(yàn)證所選工作和結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)范圍的合理性及集薯裝袋過(guò)程中馬鈴薯的受力情況,,通過(guò)測(cè)定馬鈴薯的物料特性,,賦予相應(yīng)部件運(yùn)動(dòng)屬性,進(jìn)行離散元仿真試驗(yàn),。利用堆積角驗(yàn)證了顆粒模型的準(zhǔn)確性并進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)的單因素仿真試驗(yàn),,選取各時(shí)間步顆粒所受最大力及各階段所受力均值作為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)。通過(guò)分析仿真試驗(yàn)結(jié)果,,明確了各因素對(duì)馬鈴薯顆粒受力的影響規(guī)律,,并對(duì)工作順序進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)的仿真試驗(yàn),確定了馬鈴薯收獲機(jī)集薯裝袋的順序。仿真試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,,先集薯后裝袋的傷薯率為1.07%,、先裝袋后集薯的傷薯率為3.04%。并通過(guò)田間試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證先集薯后裝袋工作順序的正確性,,田間試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,,先集薯后裝袋的整機(jī)作業(yè)傷薯率為2.59%,低于先裝袋后集薯的整機(jī)作業(yè)傷薯率(3.71%),。

    Abstract:

    In order to ensure the efficiency of harvester and reduce the damage rate of potato harvester during bagging process, a kind of bagging unloading device was designed, and the collision process and stress of the potato on the device were studied based on discrete element simulation. The device can complete the processes of cache collection, bag loading and bag unloading, ensure the working process without stopping, and improve the working efficiency of the machine. Through theoretical analysis, the force relation of lifting hydraulic cylinder was obtained and the type selection and layout of lifting hydraulic cylinder were determined. The collision process of potato block was analyzed, the relation expression of the collision stress was obtained, and the influencing factors of the stress were determined as the angle between the box wall and the horizontal plane and the normal impact velocity. Through analysis and calculation, the range of structural parameters of the collecting potato box was obtained, and the corresponding hydraulic system was designed according to the working requirements of the unloading bag device of the collecting potato. In order to verify the rationality of the selected work and the range of structural parameters and the stress of the potato in the bagging process, the discrete element simulation test was carried out by measuring the material characteristics of the potato and giving the motion properties of the corresponding components. The accuracy of the particle model was verified by the stacking angle and the corresponding single factor simulation test was carried out. The maximum force of the particles at each time step and the mean value of the forces at each stage were selected as the evaluation index.By analyzing the simulation test results, the influence of various factors on the force on potato particles was clarified, and corresponding simulation tests were conducted on the working sequence.The order of potato harvesting and bagging was determined. The simulation test results showed that the damage rate of potatoes collected first and then bagged was 1.07%, and the damage rate of potatoes collected first and then bagged was 3.04%. And the correctness of the working sequence of the first collecting potatoes and then bagging was verified through field experiments. The field experiment results showed that the potato damage rate during the whole machine operation of first collecting potatoes and then bagging was 2.59%, which was lower than that of the potato damage rate(3.71%) during the whole machine operation of the first bagging and then collecting potatoes.

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程子文,楊德秋,劉萌萌,李洋,陳新予.基于離散元仿真的馬鈴薯收獲機(jī)集薯裝袋過(guò)程研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(s2):62-74. CHENG Ziwen, YANG Deqiu, LIU Mengmeng, LI Yang, CHEN Xinyu. Bagging Process of Potato Harvester Based on EDEM[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(s2):62-74.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-06-28
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-12-10
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