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丘坡地水平圓盤(pán)式玉米精量排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2021YFD2000404)和國(guó)家玉米產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)項(xiàng)目(CARS-02)


Design and Test of Horizontal Disc Maize Precision Seed Metering Device on Hilly Land
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    摘要:

    為提高排種器在大坡度傾斜工況下的播種質(zhì)量,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種丘坡地水平圓盤(pán)式玉米精量排種器。通過(guò)分析影響水平圓盤(pán)式排種器性能的因素,,設(shè)計(jì)了異端面斜向型孔和環(huán)形分區(qū)殼體,,并確定了其關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù);設(shè)計(jì)了排種盤(pán)雙側(cè)充種斜面以提高種子群流動(dòng)性和充種性能,。以型孔小端面直徑,、導(dǎo)種斜面傾角、排種盤(pán)轉(zhuǎn)速為試驗(yàn)因素,,以合格指數(shù),、漏播指數(shù)和重播指數(shù)為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),開(kāi)展二次正交旋轉(zhuǎn)回歸組合試驗(yàn)并進(jìn)行參數(shù)優(yōu)化,,結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)小端面直徑為11.25 mm,、導(dǎo)種斜面傾角為57.43°、排種盤(pán)轉(zhuǎn)速為10.56 r/min時(shí),,合格指數(shù)為94.77%,、漏播指數(shù)為1.47%、重播指數(shù)為3.86%,,滿(mǎn)足玉米精量播種要求,。在優(yōu)化參數(shù)下進(jìn)行了排種器傾斜工況性能試驗(yàn)(傾斜方向設(shè)置為前傾、后傾,、左傾和右傾,,傾斜角為6°、12°、18°),,結(jié)果表明:對(duì)比無(wú)充種斜面的排種盤(pán),,帶有雙側(cè)充種斜面的排種盤(pán)無(wú)論傾斜方向或角度如何變化(0°~18°),,排種器合格指數(shù)均大于93%,,漏播指數(shù)均小于4%,且差異性較小,。該排種器可為丘陵山區(qū)玉米播種機(jī)研發(fā)和應(yīng)用提供參考,。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the quality of the seed metering device under the condition of high slope and incline, a horizontal disc maize precision seed metering device for hilly land was designed. Based on the analysis of the factors affecting the performance of the horizontal disc seed metering device, the inclined holes with different end surfaces and the ring-shaped shell which divided into regions were designed, the key structural parameters were determined. The double-sided seed filling slopes of the disc were designed to improve the fluidity and seed filling performance of the seed group. With the small end surface diameter of the hole, the seed guide slope angle, and the rotation speed of the seed disc as the test factors, the qualified index, the missing index and the multiple index as the evaluation indexes, the quadratic orthogonal rotary regression combination test was carried out and the parameters were optimized. The results showed that when the small end surface diameter was 11.25 mm, the seed guide slope angle was 57.43°, and the rotation speed of the seed disc was 10.56 r/min, the qualified index was 94.77%, the missing index was 1.47%, and the multiple index was 3.86%, which met the requirements of precision seeding. Under the optimized parameters, the performance test of the seed metering device under the inclined condition was carried out (the inclination directions were forward, backward, left and right, and the inclination angles were 6°, 12° and 18°). The results showed that compared with the disc without a filling slope, the disc with a double filling slopes no matter the inclination angle directions or angles were changed (0°~18°), the qualified index of the seed metering device was greater than 93%, and the missing index was less than 4%, and the difference was small. The seed metering device can provide references for the development and application of maize planter in hilly and mountainous areas.

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和賢桃,齊浩君,張東興,楊麗,崔濤,張凱良,桑興超.丘坡地水平圓盤(pán)式玉米精量排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2025,56(1):151-163. HE Xiantao, QI Haojun, ZHANG Dongxing, YANG Li, CUI Tao, ZHANG Kailiang, SANG Xingchao. Design and Test of Horizontal Disc Maize Precision Seed Metering Device on Hilly Land[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2025,56(1):151-163.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-08-04
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-01-10
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