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基于注意力機制的植物三維點云語義分割方法
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上海市科技創(chuàng)新計劃項目(20dz1203800)


3D Plant Point Cloud Semantic Segmentation Method APSegNet Based on Attention Mechanism
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    摘要:

    在植物表型分析中,植物器官分割是實現(xiàn)自動,、準(zhǔn)確,、無損、高通量表型參數(shù)測量的關(guān)鍵,。傳統(tǒng)的植物器官分割方法憑借經(jīng)驗手動設(shè)置參數(shù)和調(diào)整算法,,而現(xiàn)有的基于深度學(xué)習(xí)的分割方法存在對局部特征和全局特征表達能力不足的缺陷。針對以上問題,,本文提出一個基于注意力機制的植物三維點云語義分割網(wǎng)絡(luò)(APSegNet),。在編碼階段提出了一種基于注意力機制的局部(鄰域)特征提取方法,充分利用多級點云特征,,提高了網(wǎng)絡(luò)提取點云局部(鄰域)特征的能力,。在解碼階段提出了一種結(jié)合特征距離和空間距離的雙近鄰插值上采樣方法,更準(zhǔn)確地恢復(fù)下采樣時丟失的點云特征,,進一步增強了網(wǎng)絡(luò)對局部特征的表達能力,。同時引入通道和多頭空間自注意力機制,增強網(wǎng)絡(luò)對某些重要通道的關(guān)注和全局幾何結(jié)構(gòu)的捕捉能力,,提高了網(wǎng)絡(luò)對全局特征的表達能力,。在多種植物點云數(shù)據(jù)集上的實驗結(jié)果表明,該方法語義分割平均交并比分別達到87.32%,、79.68%,、94.73%,、91.43%、95.02%,,均優(yōu)于DGCNN,、PointCNN、ShellNet等目前流行的深度學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)絡(luò),。通過交叉驗證實驗和消融實驗,,證實了網(wǎng)絡(luò)泛化性和有效性。在ShapeNet數(shù)據(jù)集上進行了相關(guān)實驗,,該網(wǎng)絡(luò)在其他非植物三維點云目標(biāo)語義分割任務(wù)上也取得了較好的分割結(jié)果,。

    Abstract:

    In plant phenotypic analysis, plant organ segmentation is the key to achieve automatic, accurate, non-destructive and high-throughput phenotypic parameter measurement. Traditional plant organ segmentation methods rely on experience to manually set parameters and adjust algorithms, but the existing deep learning based segmentation methods have insufficient ability to express local and global features. In order to solve these shortcomings, a semantic segmentation network for three-dimensional point clouds was proposed based on attention mechanism. In the coding stage, a local feature extraction method based on attention mechanism was proposed, which made full use of multilevel point cloud features and improved the ability of network to extract local feature of point cloud. In the decoding stage, a double nearest neighbor interpolation upsampling method combining feature distance and spatial distance was proposed to recover the lost point cloud features in downsampling more accurately, and further enhanced the expression ability of local features. At the same time, the channel and multi-head spatial self-attention mechanism were introduced to enhance the attention of the network to some important channels and ability to capture the global geometric structure, and improve the expression ability of the network for global features. Experimental results on a variety of plant point cloud datasets showed that the mean intersection over union of semantic segmentation of the proposed method reached 87.32%, 79.68%, 94.73%, 91.43%, 95.02%, respectively, which were better than those of popular deep learning networks such as DGCNN, PointCNN, ShellNet and so on. Cross validation experiments and ablation experiments were carried out to confirm the generalization and effectiveness of the network. Relevant experiments were carried out on ShapeNet dataset, and the network also achieved good segmentation results on other non plant 3D point cloud target semantic segmentation tasks.

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鄒一波,周澤政,陳明,葛艷,王文娟.基于注意力機制的植物三維點云語義分割方法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2025,56(3):129-139,157. ZOU Yibo, ZHOU Zezheng, CHEN Ming, GE Yan, WANG Wenjuan.3D Plant Point Cloud Semantic Segmentation Method APSegNet Based on Attention Mechanism[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2025,56(3):129-139,,157.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-22
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-03-10
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