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玉米電驅(qū)精量播種機作業(yè)工況參數(shù)檢測系統(tǒng)研究
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新一代人工智能國家科技重大專項(2022ZD0115800),、國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(32301705)和財政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項目(CARS-02)


Corn Electric Drive Precision Seeder Operating Condition Parameter Detection System
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    摘要:

    針對現(xiàn)有玉米電驅(qū)精量播種機檢測系統(tǒng)精度低、功能集成度差和同步性不足等問題,,對檢測參數(shù)所需傳感器進行了選型,,構(gòu)建了傳感器-檢測參數(shù)模型,開發(fā)了信號同步采集,、處理及交互程序,,設(shè)計了基于cDAQ控制器的玉米電驅(qū)精量播種機作業(yè)工況參數(shù)檢測系統(tǒng),。該系統(tǒng)基于高頻、實時,、同步采樣原則,,為各參數(shù)信號分別配置單獨的采樣通道,結(jié)合LabVIEW平臺設(shè)計信號處理程序與人機交互界面,,為所有信號采集循環(huán)設(shè)置統(tǒng)一的軟件觸發(fā)器,,并配置網(wǎng)絡(luò),由上位機通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)端口為系統(tǒng)提供時鐘信號,,實現(xiàn)作業(yè)速度,、排種盤轉(zhuǎn)速、排種量,、播種深度,、下壓力、風(fēng)壓,、振動等多種參數(shù)實時高精度檢測,。對系統(tǒng)開展了排種盤轉(zhuǎn)速、排種量檢測臺架試驗以及作業(yè)速度,、播種深度檢測和下壓力檢測田間試驗,。試驗結(jié)果表明,排種盤轉(zhuǎn)速檢測平均絕對誤差不大于0.44r/min,,平均相對誤差均不大于3.56%,;排種量檢測準(zhǔn)確率不小于98.50%。當(dāng)作業(yè)速度為0~15km/h時,,作業(yè)速度檢測平均相對誤差為4.42%,;當(dāng)作業(yè)速度大于6km/h時,3行單體播種深度檢測平均值,、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差,、變異系數(shù)相對誤差分別為2.70%~7.53%、10.07%~19.29%和13.99%~17.42%,;下壓力靜態(tài)檢測試驗中,,兩組單體下壓力平均差值接近實際差值,,相對誤差不大于5.93%,,在低速3~6km/h與高速12~15km/h作業(yè)下,系統(tǒng)檢測2組單體下壓力平均差值與實際值最大相對誤差分別為14.91%和19.30%,。本系統(tǒng)檢測精度高,、檢測參數(shù)多、同步性高,,可以滿足玉米電驅(qū)精量播種機工況參數(shù)檢測需求,。

    Abstract:

    Focused on the problems of low function integration, incomplete detection parameters and poor synchronicity and flexibility of corn electric drive precision seeder detection system, the sensors required for the detection parameters were selected, the sensor-detection parameter model was constructed, the signal synchronization acquisition, processing and interaction procedures were developed, and the detection system of the operating condition parameters of corn electric drive precision seeder based on cDAQ controller was created. The system was based on the principle of high-frequency, real-time, synchronous sampling, the hardware adopted cDAQ equipment as the data acquisition controller, and configured separate sampling channels for the signals of each parameter; the software design combined the LabVIEW platform to design the signal processing program and human-computer interactive interface, set up uniform software triggers for all the signal acquisition loops and configure the network ports, and provided the clock for the system by the host computer. The upper computer provided the clock signal for the system to realize the real-time high precision acquisition of a variety of working condition parameters, such as operating speed, seeder meter plate rotation speed, seeding rate, seeding depth, downforce, wind pressure, vibration and so on, in the process of seeding operation. In order to verify the reliability of the detection system, the bench test for seed meter plate rotational speed and seeding rate detection was carried out, together with a field test for operating speed, sowing depth detection, and downforce. The results of the bench test showed that the average absolute error of seed meter plate rotational speed detection was no more than 0.44r/min, and the average relative error was no more than 3.56%; the accuracy of seeding rate detection was no less than 98.50%; the results of the field test showed that in the operating speed range of 0~15km/h, the average relative error of operating speed detection was 4.42%; above 6km/h three rows of monomer seeding depth detection average, standard deviation, coefficient of variation were 2.70%~7.53%, 4.03~7.72mm and 13.99%~17.42%, respectively; downforce static detection test showed that the average difference between the two groups of monomer downforce was close to the actual value of the difference, the relative error was no more than 5.93%, at the low speed of 3~6km/h and 12~15km/h high speed operation, the maximum relative error between the average difference of the two groups of monobloc lower pressure and the actual value detected by the system was 14.91% and 19.30%, respectively.

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黃鑫光,王憲良,孟志軍,凌琳,肖躍進,武廣偉,羅長海,顏丙新.玉米電驅(qū)精量播種機作業(yè)工況參數(shù)檢測系統(tǒng)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2025,56(4):61-71. HUANG Xinguang, WANG Xianliang, MENG Zhijun, LING Lin, XIAO Yuejin, WU Guangwei, LUO Changhai, YAN Bingxin. Corn Electric Drive Precision Seeder Operating Condition Parameter Detection System[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2025,56(4):61-71.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-02
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-04-10
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