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與深松鏟互作鋸齒式滅茬刀設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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黑龍江省“揭榜掛帥”科技攻關(guān)項(xiàng)目(2021ZXJ05B03)


Design and Testing of Serrated Stubble-breaking Blade with Interactiontype with Subsoiler
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)東北壟作區(qū)秸稈還田后滅茬阻力大、功耗高、滅茬率低,、作業(yè)后壟形差等問題,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種與深松鏟互作的鋸齒式滅茬刀,。通過離散元仿真確定鋸齒式滅茬刀與深松鏟安裝間距為60mm,,同時(shí)為滿足鋸齒式滅茬刀作業(yè)時(shí)正切刃與不同深度(30,、60,、90,、120mm)的土壤顆粒產(chǎn)生相同的相對(duì)加速度,,結(jié)合滅茬刀與深松鏟動(dòng)力學(xué)分析,得到不同深度的滑切角,,確定了鋸齒式滅茬刀正切刃的刃口曲線,。以刀盤直徑和滅茬刀安裝角為試驗(yàn)因素,作業(yè)阻力,、功耗為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo),,進(jìn)行二因素五水平中心組合試驗(yàn),得到刀盤直徑312mm,、安裝角73.2°時(shí)作業(yè)阻力和功耗最?。ㄗ鳂I(yè)阻力為1167N、功耗為14.6kW),;田間試驗(yàn)以滅茬刀入土深度,、機(jī)具前進(jìn)速度為試驗(yàn)因素,,作業(yè)阻力,、壟高寬比、滅茬率為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo),,優(yōu)化得到滅茬刀入土深度為102mm,、機(jī)具前進(jìn)速度為0.65m/s時(shí),滅茬刀作業(yè)阻力為1467N,、壟高寬比為0.529,、滅茬率為95.4%。在此最優(yōu)作業(yè)參數(shù)下進(jìn)行田間性能對(duì)比試驗(yàn),,結(jié)果表明鋸齒式滅茬刀比傳統(tǒng)滅茬刀作業(yè)阻力降低13%,、壟高寬比提高6%、滅茬率提高1個(gè)百分點(diǎn),,工作性能穩(wěn)定,,滿足機(jī)具作業(yè)質(zhì)量及農(nóng)藝要求。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of high resistance, high power consumption, low stubblebreaking rate, and poor ridge shape after the operation of subsoil stubble-breaking machine after straw return to the field in northeast ridging area, a stubble-breaking blade with interaction with subsoiler was designed. The mounting distance between the subsoiler and stubblebreaking blade was determined to be 60mm by discrete element simulation. Meanwhile, in order to satisfy the same relative acceleration between the cutting edge of stubble-breaking blade and soil particles at different depths (30mm,60mm,90mm,120mm) during operation, the sliding angle at different depths was obtained by combining the kinetic analysis of the stubble-breaking blade and subsoiler, and the cutting edge curve of the stubble-breaking blade was determined.Taking the blade disk diameter and stubblebreaking blade mounting angle as the test factors, and operating resistance and power consumption as the test indexes, a two-factor, five-level center combination test was carried out.The test results showed that the minimum operating resistance and power consumption were obtained at the blade disk diameter of 312mm and the mounting angle of 73.2° (the operating resistance was 1167N and the power consumption was 14.6kW). In the field test, the depth of stubble-breaking blade entering the soil and the forward speed of machine were taken as the test factors, the working resistance, ridge height/width ratio and stubble-breaking rate were taken as the test indexes. The optimized results showed that when the depth of blade entering the soil was 102mm and the forward speed was 0.65m/s, the working resistance was 1467N, ridge height/width ratio was 0.529, and stubble-breaking rate was 95.4%. Comparative field performance tests were conducted at this optimal operation parameter, and test results showed that compared with the traditional stubble-breaking blade, the serrated stubble-breaking blade operating resistance was reduced by 13%, the height/width ratio of the ridge was increased by 6%, and the stubble-breaking rate was increased by 1 percentage points, which was able to meet the quality of the machine operation and the agronomic requirements.

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趙淑紅,趙國(guó)鵬,冷明新,劉曦澤,蔣長(zhǎng)樂,袁溢文,楊悅乾.與深松鏟互作鋸齒式滅茬刀設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2025,56(4):151-162. ZHAO Shuhong, ZHAO Guopeng, LENG Mingxin, LIU Xize, JIANG Changle, YUAN Yiwen, YANG Yueqian. Design and Testing of Serrated Stubble-breaking Blade with Interactiontype with Subsoiler[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2025,56(4):151-162.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-03-08
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-04-10
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