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玉米原茬地高速作業(yè)側(cè)向清茬刀設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2021YFD2000401)


Design and Test of Lateral Stubble Clearing Blade for High-speed Operation in Corn Stubble Field
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    摘要:

    針對我國東北地區(qū)玉米原茬地免耕播種機(jī)高速作業(yè)時,,播種施肥觸土部件堵塞導(dǎo)致播種作業(yè)質(zhì)量降低等問題,改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)一種適用于高速免少耕播種作業(yè)的側(cè)向清茬刀。通過對正切刃折彎曲線及作業(yè)過程理論分析,,確定了側(cè)向清茬刀的結(jié)構(gòu)和工作參數(shù),,構(gòu)建了清茬防堵裝置在田間作業(yè)過程中刀齒-土壤-根茬離散元仿真模型,進(jìn)行了以清茬刀正切刃折彎角,、作業(yè)速度和刀軸轉(zhuǎn)速為影響因子,,根茬清除率、土壤擾動率和當(dāng)量功耗為評價指標(biāo)的二次回歸正交中心旋轉(zhuǎn)組合仿真試驗(yàn),。依據(jù)參數(shù)優(yōu)化仿真結(jié)果試制樣機(jī)并進(jìn)行田間性能試驗(yàn),,結(jié)果表明:在玉米殘茬覆蓋量1.73kg/m2、平均留茬高度400mm,、土壤硬度20.8kg/cm2條件下,,當(dāng)正切刃折彎角34.5°、作業(yè)速度14.4km/h,、刀軸轉(zhuǎn)速380r/min時性能最優(yōu),,此時根茬清除率91.6%、土壤擾動率26.6%,、當(dāng)量功耗12.62kW,;安裝優(yōu)化清茬刀的清茬裝置比安裝側(cè)向清秸刀齒的根茬清除率提高12.67%。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the high speed operation of no-tillage seeder in corn stubble land in Northeast China, the clogging of seeding and fertilizer touching parts leads to the reduction of the quality of seeding operation, etc., the design of a lateral stubble clearing knife suitable for high speed no-tillage seeding operation was improved. Through the theoretical analysis of bending curve of tangent blade and operation process, the structure and working parameters of the lateral stubble knife were determined, and a discrete element simulation model of the blade-soil-root stubble was constructed for the stubble clearing and anti-clogging device in the field operation process, and the quadratic regression orthogonal center was carried out with the bending angle of the tangent blade of the stubble clearing knife, the operation speed and the knife shaft rotation speed as the influencing factors, and the stubble removal rate, the soil disturbing rate, and the equivalent power consumption as the evaluating indexes. Rotary combination simulation test was done. According to the simulation results of parameter optimization, the prototype was manufactured and field performance tests were conducted, and the results showed that under the conditions of corn stubble coverage of 1.73kg/m2, average stubble height of 400mm, and soil hardness of 20.8kg/cm2, the performance was optimal when the combination of parameter combinations of the bending angle of the cutting edge of 34.5°, the operating speed of 14.4km/h, and the cutter shaft rotational speed of 380r/min were combined. In this case, the root stubble removal rate was 91.6%, soil disturbance rate was 26.6%, and power consumption was 12.62kW; the stubble removal rate of the stubble removal device with optimized stubble removal knives was increased by 12.67% compared with that of the stubble removal device with lateral stubble removal knife blade.

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陳海濤,逯遠(yuǎn)東,王星,張穎,喻晨鵬.玉米原茬地高速作業(yè)側(cè)向清茬刀設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2025,56(4):163-173,,201. CHEN Haitao, LU Yuandong, WANG Xing, ZHANG Ying, YU Chenpeng. Design and Test of Lateral Stubble Clearing Blade for High-speed Operation in Corn Stubble Field[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2025,56(4):163-173,,201.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-02-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-04-10
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