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基于整體差異組合模型評價的南疆鹽堿化棉田滴灌淋洗量和淋洗時期研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51979231)和新疆生產(chǎn)建設(shè)兵團科技項目(2021AB009、2024AB030)


Evaluation Drip Irrigation Leaching Amount and Period Based on Overall Difference Model for Salinized Cotton Fields in Southern Xinjiang
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    摘要:

    為探討不同滴灌淋洗模式對南疆鹽堿化棉田的影響,,采取淋洗量和淋洗時期2因素交互設(shè)計,,淋洗量設(shè)置4個水平:W1(75mm)、W2(150mm),、W3(225mm)和W4(300mm),,淋洗時期設(shè)置3個處理:T1(在苗期1次淋洗)、T2(在苗期和蕾期2次淋洗)和T3(在苗期,、蕾期和花鈴期3次淋洗),,及1個灌溉量為85%ETC(棉花生育期需水量)無淋洗的對照組(CK),進行大田試驗,。試驗結(jié)果表明:在鹽堿化棉田滴灌淋洗中,,可將鹽分進行淋洗。與CK處理相比,,W4和W3在2020,、2021年分別降低0~100cm土壤含鹽量13.17%和26.57%,增加產(chǎn)量104.13%和59.36%,。各處理地上部干物質(zhì)量Logistic擬合效果良好(決定系數(shù)R2≥0.9654,P<0.05),。在相同淋洗時期下,,地上部干物質(zhì)量累積量、籽棉產(chǎn)量與淋洗量呈正相關(guān),而經(jīng)濟系數(shù)與淋洗量之間存在差異性,。主成分分析法,、基于組合賦權(quán)的理想點法模型、灰色關(guān)聯(lián)度分析法和隸屬函數(shù)分析法兩兩之間具有良好的相關(guān)性,,各模型之間相關(guān)系數(shù)為0.92~0.99,。基于整體差異組合評價模型得出W4T2處理最優(yōu),??紤]到該地區(qū)干旱少雨,鹽堿化棉田生育期內(nèi)淋洗量225mm,、淋洗時期為苗期和蕾期,,棉田綜合指標評價值為1.3765,為適宜的鹽堿化棉田滴灌淋洗制度,。本研究可為南疆鹽堿化棉田生育期滴灌淋洗水鹽科學(xué)管理提供理論指導(dǎo),。

    Abstract:

    Soil salinity affects a range of physiological processes in the cotton fields and is key factor controlling cotton productivity and yield. Two-year experiments (2020 and 2021) were conducted to evaluate the effects of different leaching regimes on soil salinity, aboveground dry matter of cotton, and yield of seed cotton in Southern Xinjiang. There were four leaching amounts (W1: 75mm, W2: 150mm,W3: 225mm and W4: 300mm) and three leaching periods (T1: once at seedling period, T2: twice at seedling and budding periods and T3: thrice at seedling, budding and pollen setting periods) in addition to non-leaching treatment (CK: 85% crop evapotranspiration). During the experiment, soil salinity, aboveground dry matter accumulation, yield seed cotton and economic coefficient (ratio of yield to the total of dry matter accumulation and yield) were measured. The results showed that the leaching could leach the salinity in salinized cotton fields. Compared with the CK treatment, soil salinity in 0~100cm was decreased by 13.17% and 26.57% and the yield was increased by 104.13% and 59.36% in 2020 W4 and 2021 W3, respectively. The results of the Logistic equation to fit the dry matter accumulation were satisfactory (R2≥0.9654, P<0.05) for each treatment. Aboveground dry matter accumulation and seed cotton yield were positively correlated with leaching amount, and there was a difference between the economic coefficient and leaching amount under the same leaching period. The principal component analysis, technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution model (TOPSIS), gray correlation analysis and membership function analysis were well correlated with each other, and the correlation coefficients among the models were ranged from 0.92 to 0.99. Based on the overall difference combination evaluation model, the W4T2 treatment achieved the optimum. Further comprehensive analysis, considering the drought and low rainfall in the region, the results suggested that when leaching amount was 225mm and leaching periods at the seedling and budding stages during the reproductive period, the evaluations of comprehensive index (1.3765) was suitable for salinized cotton fields in the drip irrigation. The research result can provide valuable information for improving management of salinized cotton fields in Southern Xinjiang.

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劉小強,張富倉,何帥,李云霞,尹飛虎.基于整體差異組合模型評價的南疆鹽堿化棉田滴灌淋洗量和淋洗時期研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2025,56(4):460-470. LIU Xiaoqiang, ZHANG Fucang, HE Shuai, LI Yunxia, YIN Feihu. Evaluation Drip Irrigation Leaching Amount and Period Based on Overall Difference Model for Salinized Cotton Fields in Southern Xinjiang[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2025,56(4):460-470.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-03-11
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-04-10
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